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Quiz for Sources of The Making of the West, Chapter 14

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Quiz for Chapter 14: Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492–1560

Document Links:

Document 14-1: Bernal Díaz del Castillo, The True History of the Conquest of New Spain

Document 14-2: Lienzo de Tlaxcala

Document 14-3: Bartolomé de Las Casas, In Defense of the Indians

Document 14-4: Martin Luther, Freedom of a Christian

Document 14-5: John Calvin, Articles Concerning Predestination/The Necessity of Reforming the Church

Document 14-6: St. Ignatius of Loyola, A New Kind of Catholicism

Question 14.1

1. Based on Bernal Díaz del Castillo’s account (Document 14-1), why did the Aztec people openly welcome Cortés and his men upon their arrival in the Aztec capital?

They wanted to convert to Christianity.

It was part of a plot to enslave them.

Their ancestors had foretold Cortés’ arrival.

They wanted to enrich themselves with the Spaniards’ gifts.

Question 14.2

2. Which of these messages does the image from Lienzo de Tlaxcala (Document 14-2) convey about the meeting between Cortés and the Aztec leader?

Cortés came to the Aztecs with peaceful intentions.

The Aztecs were an uncivilized and ruthless people.

The Spanish and Aztec people were cultural equals.

The Spanish conquest of the Aztecs was not their achievement alone.

Question 14.3

3. In his case against Spanish colonization (Document 14-3), de Las Casas provided evidence that the Amerindians were

dull-witted and stupid.

capable of self-governance.

unsuitable for Christianity.

lawless and uncivilized.

Question 14.4

4. According to Luther (Document 14-4), what was the only thing necessary for Christian living?

Church ceremonies and rituals

Theological study

Church doctrine

Biblical teachings

Question 14.5

5. What clearly separated Martin Luther’s doctrine of salvation (Document 14-4) from that of his fellow reformer, John Calvin (Document 14-5)?

Luther believed salvation was attained by individual faith alone, whereas Calvin believed God determined salvation for each person before creation.

Luther rejected good works as a means to salvation, whereas Calvin embraced them.

Luther believed that only Scripture was necessary for Christian living, whereas Calvin also valued the worship of images.

Luther believed that no one could be sure of his salvation, whereas Calvin believed the saved were “truly illuminated with faith.”

Question 14.6

6. What was the principal tactic Ignatius advised Jesuits to adopt when faced with religious heresy and opposition (Document 14-6)?

To oppress and destroy

To denounce and defame

To teach and instruct

To ignore and retreat