Common eukaryotic promoter elements. Each eukaryotic RNA polymerase recognizes a set of promoter elements—sequences in DNA that promote transcription. The RNA polymerase I promoter consists of a ribosomal initiator (rInr) and an upstream promoter element (UPE). The RNA polymerase II promoter likewise includes an initiator element (Inr) and may also include either a TATA box or a downstream promoter element (DPE). Separate from the promoter region, enhancer elements bind specific transcription factors. RNA polymerase III promoters consist of conserved sequences that lie within the transcribed genes.