restriction enzyme

palindrome

DNA probe

Southern blotting

northern blotting

controlled termination of replication (Sanger dideoxy method)

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

polymorphism

vector

plasmid

sticky ends

DNA ligase

cloning vector

reporter gene

expression vector

lambda (λ) phage

bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)

yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

genomic library

complementary DNA (cDNA)

reverse transcriptase

cDNA library

site-directed mutagenesis

cassette mutagenesis

pseudogene

mobile genetic element

short interspersed elements (SINES)

long interspersed elements (LINES)

next-generation sequencing

quantitative PCR (qPCR)

transcriptome

DNA microarray (gene chip)

transgenic mouse

gene disruption (gene knockout)

genome editing

zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)

transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)

RNA interference

RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)

tumor-inducing plasmid (Ti plasmid)

gene gun (bombardment-mediated transformation)