9.7 What Have You Learned?

1. What visible changes take place in puberty?

2. How do hormones affect the physical and psychological aspects of puberty?

3. What is the crucial difference between primary sex characteristics and secondary sex characteristics? Give examples of each.

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4. What are the gender differences in the growth spurt?

5. What is the connection between body fat and onset of puberty in girls? In boys?

6. Why might early puberty be difficult for girls?

7. What problems are common among early-maturing boys?

8. What problems result from the growth spurt sequence (weight, then height, then muscles)?

9. How do the skin and hair change during puberty?

10. Why might some high schools decide to adopt later start times?

11. What problems might occur if adolescents do not get enough iron or calcium?

12. Why is body image often distorted in adolescence?

13. List the symptoms of anorexia and of bulimia.

14. Why does the limbic system develop before the prefrontal cortex, and what are the consequences?

15. How does adolescent egocentrism differ from early childhood egocentrism?

16. How might the invincibility fable explain why adolescents reveal personal information on social media websites?

17. What are the characteristics of formal operational thinking?

18. What is the difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning?

19. How might intuition and analysis lead to opposite conclusions?

20. What mode of thinking—intuitive or analytic—do most people prefer, and why?

21. Why have most junior high schools disappeared?

22. What characteristics of middle schools make them more difficult for students than elementary schools?

23. What is the connection between school climate and bullying?

24. How might a school that believes in the incremental approach to intelligence structure itself to increase student motivation?

25. Why are transitions from one school to another a particular concern for educators? What steps can they take to ease transitions?

26. List five benefits of adolescent brain development.

27. Why is high school achievement likely to advance the national economy?