Front Matter

Copyright page

About the Author

Preface

Part I: The Beginnings

Part Introduction

Chapter 1: The Science of Human Development

Chapter Introduction

Understanding How and Why

The Life-Span Perspective

Using the Scientific Method

Cautions and Challenges from Science

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Chapter 2: Theories of Development

Chapter Introduction

What Theories Do

Grand Theories

Newer Theories

What Theories Contribute

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Chapter 3: Heredity and Environment

Chapter Introduction

The Genetic Code

The Beginnings of Life

From Genotype to Phenotype

Nature and Nurture

Chromosomal and Genetic Problems

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Chapter 4: Prenatal Development and Birth

Chapter Introduction

Prenatal Development

Birth

Problems and Solutions

The New Family

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Part II: The First Two Years

Part Introduction

Chapter 5: The First Two Years: Biosocial Development

Chapter Introduction

Growth in Infancy

Perceiving and Moving

Surviving in Good Health

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Chapter 6: The First Two Years: Cognitive Development

Chapter Introduction

Sensorimotor Intelligence

Information Processing

Language: What Develops in the First Two Years?

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Chapter 7: The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

Chapter Introduction

Emotional Development

Brain and Emotions

The Development of Social Bonds

Theories of Infant Psychosocial Development

Summary

Key Terms

What Have You Learned?

Applications

Part II: The Developing Person So Far: The First Two Years

Part III: Early Childhood

Part Introduction

Chapter 8: Early Childhood: Biosocial Development

Chapter 8 Introduction

8.1 Body Changes

8.2 Brain Development

8.3 Improving Motor Skills

8.4 Injuries and Abuse

Chapter 8 Summary

Chapter 8 Key Terms

Chapter 8 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 8 Applications

Chapter 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development

Chapter 9 Introduction

9.1 Thinking During Early Childhood

9.2 Language Learning

9.3 Early-Childhood Education

Chapter 9 Summary

Chapter 9 Key Terms

Chapter 9 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 9 Applications

Chapter 10: Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development

Chapter 10 Introduction

10.1 Emotional Development

10.2 Play

10.3 Challenges for Caregivers

10.4 Moral Development

Chapter 10 Summary

Chapter 10 Key Terms

Chapter 10 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 10 Applications

Part III: The Developing Person So Far: Early Childhood

Part IV: Middle Childhood

Part Introduction

Chapter 11: Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development

Chapter 11 Introduction

11.1 A Healthy Time

11.2 Health Problems in Middle Childhood

11.3 Brain Development

11.4 Children with Special Needs

Chapter 11 Summary

Chapter 11 Key Terms

Chapter 11 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 11 Applications

Chapter 12: Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Chapter 12 Introduction

12.1 Building on Theory

12.2 Language

12.3 Teaching and Learning

Chapter 12 Summary

Chapter 12 Key Terms

Chapter 12 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 12 Applications

Chapter 13: Middle Childhood: Psychosocial Development

Chapter 13 Introduction

13.1 The Nature of the Child

13.2 Families and Children

13.3 The Peer Group

13.4 Children’s Moral Values

Chapter 13 Summary

Chapter 13 Key Terms

Chapter 13 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 13 Applications

Part IV: The Developing Person So Far: Middle Childhood

Part V: Adolescence

Part Introduction

Chapter 14: Adolescence: Biosocial Development

Chapter 14 Introduction

14.1 Puberty Begins

14.2 Growth and Nutrition

14.3 Brain Development

14.4 Sexual Maturation

Chapter 14 Summary

Chapter 14 Key Terms

Chapter 14 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 14 Applications

Chapter 15: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Chapter 15 Introduction

15.1 Puberty Begins

15.2 Growth and Nutrition

15.3 Brain Development

15.4 Sexual Maturation

Chapter 15 Summary

Chapter 15 Key Terms

Chapter 15 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 15 Applications

Chapter 16: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

Chapter 16 Introduction

16.1 Identity

16.2 Relationships with Adults

16.3 Peer Power

16.4 Sadness and Anger

16.5 Drug Use and Abuse

Chapter 16 Summary

Chapter 16 Key Terms

Chapter 16 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 16 Applications

Part V: The Developing Person So Far: Adolescence

Part VI: Emerging Adulthood

Part Introduction

Chapter 17: Emerging Adulthood: Biosocial Development

Chapter 17 Introduction

17.1 Growth and Strength

17.2 Sexual Activity

17.3 Psychopathology

17.4 Taking Risks

Chapter 17 Summary

Chapter 17 Key Terms

Chapter 17 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 17 Applications

Chapter 18: Emerging Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Chapter 18 Introduction

18.1 Postformal Thought

18.2 Morals and Religion

18.3 Cognitive Growth and Higher Education

Chapter 18 Summary

Chapter 18 Key Terms

Chapter 18 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 18 Applications

Chapter 19: Emerging Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Chapter 19 Introduction

19.1 Continuity and Change

19.2 Intimacy

19.3 Emerging Adults and Their Parents

Chapter 19 Summary

Chapter 19 Key Terms

Chapter 19 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 19 Applications

Part VI: The Developing Person So Far: Emerging Adulthood

Part VII: Adulthood

Part Introduction

Chapter 20: Adulthood: Biosocial Development

Chapter 20 Introduction

20.1 Senescence

20.2 The Sexual-Reproductive System

20.3 Health Habits and Age

20.4 Measuring Health

Chapter 20 Summary

Chapter 20 Key Terms

Chapter 20 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 20 Applications

Chapter 21: Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Chapter 21 Introduction

21.1 What Is Intelligence?

21.2 Components of Intelligence: Many and Varied

21.3 Selective Gains and Losses

Chapter 21 Summary

Chapter 21 Key Terms

Chapter 21 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 21 Applications

Chapter 22: Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Chapter 22 Introduction

22.1 Personality Development in Adulthood

22.2 Intimacy: Friends and Family

22.3 Intimacy: Romantic Partners

22.4 Generativity

Chapter 22 Summary

Chapter 22 Key Terms

Chapter 22 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 22 Applications

Part VII: The Developing Person So Far: Adulthood

Part VIII: Late Adulthood

Part Introduction

Chapter 23: Biosocial Development: Late Adulthood

Chapter 23 Introduction

23.1 Prejudice and Predictions

23.2 Selective Optimization with Compensation

23.3 Aging and Disease

23.4 Theories of Aging

23.5 The Centenarians

Chapter 23 Summary

Chapter 23 Key Terms

Chapter 23 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 23 Applications

Chapter 24: Late Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Chapter 24 Introduction

24.1 The Aging Brain

24.2 Information Processing After Age 65

24.3 Neurocognitive Disorders

24.4 New Cognitive Development

Chapter 24 Summary

Chapter 24 Key Terms

Chapter 24 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 24 Applications

Chapter 25: Late Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

Chapter 25 Introduction

25.1 Theories of Late Adulthood

25.2 Activities in Late Adulthood

25.3 Friends and Relatives

25.4 The Frail Elderly

Chapter 25 Summary

Chapter 25 Key Terms

Chapter 25 What Have You Learned?

Chapter 25 Applications

Part VIII: The Developing Person So Far: Late Adulthood

Epilogue

Epilogue Chapter Introduction

E.1 Death and Hope

E.2 Choices in Dying

E.3 Affirmation of Life

Epilogue Summary

Epilogue Key Terms

Epilogue What Have You Learned?

Epilogue Applications

Appendix A: Supplemental Charts, Graphs, and Tables

Appendix A: Supplemental Charts, Graphs, and Tables

The Human Brain

Children and Elders as a Proportion of a Nation’s Population

Ethnic Composition of the U.S. Population

The Genetics of Blood Types

Odds of Down Syndrome by Maternal Age and Gestational Age

Breast-Feeding in the United States

Breast-Feeding Around the World

Saving Lives: Immunization

From Babbling to Language

Height Gains from Birth to Age 18

Weight Gains from Birth to Age 18

Body Mass Index

IQ Scores

Children Are the Poorest Americans

DSM-5 Criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADH

DSM-5 Criteria on Autism Spectrum Disorde

Motivation or Achievement?

Major Sexually Transmitted Infections: Some Basics

Sexual Behaviors of U.S. High School Students, 2011

Smoking Behavior Among U.S. High School Students, 1991-2011

Demographic Changes

Suicide Rates in the United States

Appendix B: More About Research Methods

Appendix B: More About Research Methods

Make It Personal

Read the Research

Additional Terms and Concepts