Writers use quotation marks primarily to enclose direct quotations of another person’s spoken or written words. You will also find these other uses and exceptions:
for quotations within quotations (single quotation marks: 37b)
for titles of short works (37c)
for words used as words (37d)
with other marks of punctuation (37e)
with brackets and ellipsis marks (39c–39d)
no quotation marks for indirect quotations, paraphrases, and summaries ("Exception: indirect quotations" in 37a)
no quotation marks for long quotations ("Exception: long quotations" in 37a)