WEBVTT

1
00:00:04.500 --> 00:00:08.750
Sound waves are produced when objects vibrate

2
00:00:08.750 --> 00:00:15.000
causing regions of high and low pressure to travel through the air.

3
00:00:15.000 --> 00:00:20.500
Each sound wave has a specific frequency (which is related to pitch)

4
00:00:20.500 --> 00:00:31.000
amplitude (which controls loudness), and waveform (which determines the timbre, or quality, of the sound).

5
00:00:31.000 --> 00:00:40.300
When sound waves reach the outer ear, they are captured by the pinna and funneled through the ear canal to the eardrum

6
00:00:40.300 --> 00:00:43.350
causing the eardrum to vibrate.

7
00:00:43.350 --> 00:00:52.000
These vibrations are passed through the tiny bones of the middle ear, which amplify the vibrations.

8
00:00:53.750 --> 00:00:58.600
The vibrations are transmitted to the cochlea in the inner ear

9
00:00:58.600 --> 00:01:04.100
where they form ripples on the basilar membrane, bending the hair cells

10
00:01:04.100 --> 00:01:12.000
which convert the vibrations into a pattern of neural impulses which the brain can interpret.

11
00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:22.000
The impulses are carried by the auditory nerve to the auditory cortex for processing and interpretation.