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Researchers have also studied interference that affects storage and, even more, retrieval.

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There are two type of interference that impacts retrieval: proactive interference and retroactive interference.

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Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information disrupts our ability to retrieve later learned information.

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Suppose you studied French in the Fall term and then switched to Spanish in the Spring term.

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Now on a test of Spanish Vocabulary you start recalling French words.

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This would be an example of proactive interference.

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The earlier learned French words have come out and interfered with your retrieval of the later learned Spanish words.

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Retroactive interference occurs when later learned information disrupts the retrieval of earlier learned material.

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Let us go back to our language example.

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You learn French in the Fall and get an A in the class.

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Then you study Spanish.

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Now after term is over you meet a person who only speaks French but all you can do is remember your Spanish.

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This is an example of retroactive interference.

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The later learned Spanish is keeping you from being able to retrieve your earlier learned French,

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even if you were very good at it.