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Memory takes place in a three stage process: encoding, storage, and retrieval.

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Forgetting can be the result of an interference failure at any one of these three steps.

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An encoding failure would be when you do not process the information so that it can be stored.

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Think of the difficulty of remembering a letter in a field of distractors.

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Storage failure results when the memory is lost or fades from our storage.

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Retrieval failure occurs when you cannot get the memory out of storage when you need it.

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Think of remembering the correct answer on a test AFTER you have left the classroom.

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Interference can impact any of the stages of memory.

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Encoding interference is when additional and irrelevant information prevent you from encoding the desired information.

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At retrieval and storage, we can have proactive interference or retroactive interference.

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Proactive interference is when previously learned information impacts your ability to retrieve more recently learned information.

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Retroactive interference is when more recently learned information impacts your ability to retrieve older learned information.

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As you can see, there are many ways to “forget” something.