Like gender, culture influences people’s preferred listening styles, as well as perceptions of styles. For example, in individualistic cultures such as the United States and Canada (and particularly in the American workplace), time- and action-oriented listening styles dominate. People often approach encounters with an emphasis on time limits (“I have only 10 minutes to talk” or “I’m going to keep this presentation short and to the point”). Many people also feel and express frustration if others don’t communicate their ideas efficiently (“Just say it!”). By contrast, individuals living in collectivistic cultures often emphasize people- and content-oriented listening styles.

Always keep in mind that what’s considered competent listening in your culture may be perceived as incompetent by others. When communicating with people from other cultures, adapt your listening style accordingly. If you’re communicating with someone from a collectivistic culture, try to adopt a people-oriented listening style, and provide positive feedback while the person is speaking. Express interest in his or her feelings, opinions, and concerns, and emphasize points of commonality. More than anything else, avoid hurrying the interaction. Similarly, if you’re communicating with someone from an individualistic culture, be prepared to embrace a time- or action-oriented approach to listening. Expect quicker, blunter reactions, and less patience with extended explanations. Of course, always match your style to the individual person, and don’t assume someone will have a certain listening style just because he or she has certain cultural affiliations.