In any interaction, the physical environment affects the communication process. In small group situations, semi-fixed features of the environment—those that can be easily moved or changed, such as furniture and chairs—influence how group members communicate with one another (Sommer, 1965). For example, members of highly cohesive groups tend to sit closer together than do those in less cohesive groups. Additionally, those who occupy seats at the head of a table or in a center position are more likely to be perceived as leaders.

To manage physical space in ways that support communication, teams should look for a space that fits their needs, such as a quiet, comfortable environment for meetings, or a room with whiteboards so they can list ideas generated during brainstorming sessions. In a virtual small group, members should make sure everyone can be seen on videoconference and has access to a microphone. If you plan accordingly, the physical space you meet in can positively influence your group’s communication.