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Chapter 5 Self-Test

Question 1

Which of the following is based on information obtained through the haptic system?

Experiencing a stabbing pain in one’s side

Judging that a roommate’s perfume is too strong

Enjoying the savoriness of a French onion soup

Concluding that one versus another object is heavier

Question 2

Which of the following cues to depth would be least relevant if you wanted to create a two-dimensional painting that appeared three-dimensional?

Converging vertical lines

Shading

Occlusion

Stereopsis

Question 3

If you were to stare at a red and yellow image for a long time, then look at a blank page, what colors would appear in the image you see?

Green and blue

Green and yellow

Red and blue

Red and yellow

Question 4

Choose the sequence below that correctly orders the process through which visual information is transferred from visual stimuli to the brain.

Pupil, lens, retina (rods and cones), cornea, ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus

Retina (rods and cones), cornea, pupil, lens, ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, visual cortex

Cornea, pupil, lens, ganglion cells, optic nerve, retina (rods and cones), optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, visual cortex

Cornea, pupil, lens, retina (rods and cones), ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, visual cortex

Question 5

Two identical gray circles are depicted on two different backgrounds: one light and one dark. How will they be perceived?

They are identical and so they will appear as such.

The one on the light background will appear darker than the one on the dark background.

The one on the dark background will appear darker than the one on the light background.

The one on the dark background will appear smaller than the one on the light background.

Question 6

We experience front/back confusions in localizing sounds because

sound reaches the right and left side at the same time.

pressure from sound waves is equal on the right and left side.

the shape of the ear is asymmetrical.

Both a and b are correct.

Question 7

Choose the sequence below that correctly orders the process through which auditory information is transferred from auditory stimuli to the brain.

Ossicles, eardrum, hair cells of the cochlea, auditory nerve, auditory cortex

Eardrum, ossicles, auditory nerve, hair cells of the cochlea, auditory cortex

Eardrum, ossicles, hair cells of the cochlea, auditory nerve, auditory cortex

Hair cells of the cochlea, eardrum, ossicles, auditory nerve, auditory cortex

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Question 8

Some people are better than others at detecting odors, and these differences are explained by genetic variations that cause some people to have

more olfactory receptors.

larger olfactory bulbs.

a more complex olfactory cortex.

larger nostrils.

Question 9

Choose the sequence below that correctly orders the process through which gustatory information is transferred from food chemicals to the brain.

Taste receptors (in taste buds), gustatory cortex, brain stem

Brain stem, gustatory cortex, taste receptors (in taste buds)

Taste receptors (in taste buds), brain stem, gustatory cortex

Gustatory cortex, taste receptors (in taste buds), brain stem

Question 10

Supertasters experience taste more intensely than do others, owing to

more time spent training in taste perception.

the greater number of taste receptors they have.

the greater size of their gustatory cortexes.

the greater size of their brain stems.

Question 11

The distance measured in the two-point threshold is most similar to which of the following concepts related to a different sense?

Just noticeable difference

Color constancy

Figure-ground perception

Selective attention

Question 12

Of two objects of the same weight, but differing size, which will be judged as heavier and why?

The larger, because we expected it to be lighter.

The smaller, because we expected it to be lighter.

Neither, because prior experiences with mass do not influence our judgments.

Neither, because prior experiences with weight do not influence our judgments.

Question 13

According to the gate control theory of pain, what can you do to avoid experiencing pain?

Meditate

Sing a distracting song

Focus on other features of the environment

All of the above

Question 14

Of the following, who is most likely to overestimate the size of an ice cream cone?

Someone who dislikes ice cream

Someone who dislikes ice cream and isn’t hungry

Someone who loves ice cream

Someone who loves ice cream and is hungry

Question 15

All of the following are valid conclusions to draw, based on the experiments involving the woman with the umbrella and the gorilla, except which one?

People can be so selective in their attention that they miss obvious stimuli.

Perception is an active psychological activity.

As long as there is retinal activity, perception occurs.

We often don’t perceive unexpected information.