| TABLE 2 | UNEMPLOYMENT RATES BY GENDER, RACE, EDUCATION, OCCUPATION, AND REASON FOR UNEMPLOYMENT, 1985–2015 |
| Industry | 1985 | 1995 | 2005 | 2015 |
| Total unemployment | 7.2 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 |
| Gender | | | | |
| Men | 7.0 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.4 |
| Women | 7.4 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
| Race or Ethnicity | | | | |
| White | 6.2 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.6 |
| Black | 15.1 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.6 |
| Hispanic | 10.5 | 9.3 | 6.0 | 6.6 |
| Education | | | | |
| Less than high school diploma | 8.5 | 9.0 | 7.6 | 8.0 |
| High school graduate | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5.4 |
| Less than bachelor’s degree | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.5 |
| College graduate and higher | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
| Occupation | | | | |
| Managerial and professional | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 |
| Office and administrative support | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 |
| Production occupations | 8.8 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 5.7 |
| Reason Why Unemployed | | | | |
| Job loser | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| Job leaver | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Reentrant | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| New entrant | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 |