TABLE 1 | EXTERNALITIES BY ORIGIN AND IMPACT | |||
Impact Victims and Beneficiaries of an Externality | ||||
Origin of Externality | Consumers | Producers | ||
Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | |
Consumers | Private schools Immunizations Landscaping | Auto pollution Littering Smoking | Flu shot reducing sick days | Private auto use that adds to road congestion, slowing down commercial traffic |
Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | |
Producers | New factory leading to new shops and restaurants in town | Factory air pollution on wilderness hikers Pesticide runoff affecting trout fishing | Honey bees improving apple orchards | Pollution that harms commercial fishing |