Sources for By the Numbers

S-1

Chapter 1

Data for total number of bachelor's degrees granted by major: Digest of Education Statistics, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education.

Data for technology company CEO majors: “Study Finds Most Likely Tech Sector CEO Is Dave the Ivy League Ex-Yahoo Econ Major,” Forbes, September 28, 2012.

Fortune 100 company CEO majors: Data from Curran Career Consulting.

Percent of Fortune 500 companies founded by immigrants or their children: Data from Partnership for a New American Economy.

Average pay by major: Data from Payscale.com

Median salaries for economics jobs: Data from Payscale.com

Chapter 2

Farm productivity yields: Data from National Agricultural Statistics Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

U.S. trade balance: Data from United States Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.

Cost of ring workers by country: Data from World Development Indicators, The World Bank.

American attitudes on environment and economic growth: Data from Gallup.com

Chapter 3

Data for growth of Uber drivers: Hall, Jonathan and Krueger, Alan (January 2015) “An Analysis of the Labor Market for Uber's Driver- Partners in the United States.” Working Paper #587; Princeton University; Industrial Relations Section.

Data for proportion of global video game revenues: Global Games Market Report; Newzoo.com

Data for total value of the worldwide online gaming market: Global Games Market Report; Newzoo.com

Total number of water bottles consumed: Data from IBWA (Interna- tional Bottled Water Association) “Market Report Findings” Annual Update; www.bottledwater.org

Total sales of bottled water: Data from IBWA (International Bottled Water Association) “Market Report Findings” Annual Update; www.bottledwater.org

Data for College and university enrollment: Digest of Education Statistics, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education.

Chapter 4

Data for average in-state tuition at public universities by state: Trends in College Pricing, CollegeBoard.org

Government subsidies for renewable energy by type: Data from Direct Federal Financial Interventions and Subsidies in Energy, U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Minimum wage by state: Data from U.S. Department of Labor.

U.S. farm subsidies: Data from Farm Subsidy Database, The Environmental Working Group, farm.ewg.org

Chapter 5

Elasticity of various goods: Data compiled from numerous studies reporting estimates for price elasticity of demand.

Elasticity of food by country: Data from U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Alternative fuel vehicles in use: Data from U.S. Department of Energy Alternative Fuel Data Center, www.afdc.energy.gov/data

Data for parking alternatives: David A. Hensher and Jenny King (2011), “Parking Demand and Responsiveness to Supply, Price and Location in Sydney Central Business District,” Transportation Research Part A, Vol. 35, No. 3, March 2011, pp. 177-196.

Average rise in public university tuition: Data from National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education.

Average fall in international calling rates: Author calculation using data from the Federal Communications Commission.

Chapter 6

U.S. distribution of household budgets: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Consumer expenditures in various categories: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Total number of passenger cars: Data from U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation.

Charitable donations: Data from giving USA.com

Organic foods sales: Data from 2015 Organic Industry Survey, Organic Trade Association.

Data for NBA Jerseys: www.nba.com/2015/news/04/14/nba-most-popular-jerseys-2014-15-season-lebron-james-still-reigns/

Chapter 7

The cost of industrial robots: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Productivity rates: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Data for size of Amazon's largest warehouse: www.wired.com/2014/06/inside-amazon-warehouse/

Number of flights into and out of Memphis by FedEx: Data from flightaware.com

Data for Apple iPad cost breakdown: Digital Manufacturing: How It's Made, www.manufacturingdigital.com/news_archive/tags/apple/apple-ipa

Online flight bookings: Data from U.S. Department of Transportation.

Online fliight check-ins: Data from Airline IT Trends Survey, SITA www.sita.aero/surveys-reports/industry-surveys-reports/airline-it-trends-survey-2015

Chapter 8

Data for farm and farm-related employment by region: U.S. Department of Agriculture, maps.ers.usda.gov/mapimages/ers_reg_color.jpg

Data for top tea producers: http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-worlds-top-10-tea-producing-nations.html

World tea production: Data from Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

World coffee production: Data from Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

Average price of soybeans, wheat, and corn: Data from Economics Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Chapter 9

Television viewership by championship: Data from Statista.com Cost of a ride on Virgin Galactic: Data from Virgingalactic.com Windows market share: Data from Netmarketshare.com

Data for most expensive drugs: Motley Fool, www.fool.com/investing/high-growth/2015/08/15/the-5-most-expensive-drugs-in-the-world-in-2015.aspx

Electricity demand: Data from U.S. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, www.eia.gov/electricity/data.cfm#sales

Chapter 10

Largest fast-food chains: Data from investor relations links on individual fast-food chain corporate websites.

Wireless carriers market share: Data from strategyanalytics.com

Marathon stats: Data from ndmymarathon.com/statistics.php

Total number of Nike shoe models produced: Data from Solepedia.com

Most expensive private and public schools: Data from U.S. News and World Report.

Chapter 11

Data for fastest growing occupations: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, www.bls.gov/ooh/fastest-growing.htm

Average salary for women compared with men: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Average cost of bene ts as a percent of salary for full-time workers: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Percent of workers with exible work hours: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

Union membership as a percent of employment: Data from Bureau of Labor Statistics; U.S. Department of Labor.

Minimum wage for selected countries: Data from OECD.Stat, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development.

Chapter 12

Data for percentage of high school graduates enrolling in college and percentage of college graduates pursuing postgraduate degrees: U.S. Census Bureau, www.census.gov/hhes/school/data/cps/historical/

Data for total number of patents granted in 1980 and 2015: U.S. Patent Statistics Report, U.S. Patent and Trademark Of ce, www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/us_stat.htm

Length of high-speed rail track by country: Data from International Union of Railways.

U.S. venture capital funds by year: Data from Dow Jones Financial Information Services; Thomson Reuters; National Venture Capital Association.

Chapter 13

Hybrid car sales by year: Data from Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Data Center; U.S. Department of Energy.

Average gasoline tax in the United States: Data from American Petroleum Institute.

Data for average gasoline tax in Britain: Fuel Duty Rates, HM Revenue & Customs.

Amount of solid waste by product (recovered and not recovered): Data from Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: Fact and Figures Report, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Generation of renewable energy by source: Data from U.S. Department of Energy; www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.cfm?t=epmt_1_01_a

Annual savings from the use of LED bulbs: Data from Of ce of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy.

Wind generation capacity by state: Data from American Wind Energy Association.

Chapter 14

Popularity of ride sharing versus taxi: Data from Certify.com

Internet penetration rates: Data from Internet World Stats, www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

Number of Whatsapp and Facebook users: Data from Facebook, Inc.

Number of Airbnb guests: Data from GSV Asset Management, Airbnb data: www.gsvcap.com/market-commentary/yearly-checkup, www.state.com

Data for movie streaming versus DVD revenues: www.fortune.com/2015/06/03/streaming-movies-revenue/

Chapter 15

U.S. poverty threshold: Data from U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Depart- ment of Commerce.

U.S. minimum wage: Data from Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Depart- ment of Labor.

Poverty rates across the world: Data from The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency.

Number of Medicaid recipients: Data from Statista.com

Average monthly U.S. housing subsidy: Author calculation using budget and recipient data from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Percentage of Americans receiving food stamps: Data from Supple- mental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Data System, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Chapter 16

Trade de cit as a percent of GDP: Data from Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce; FRED Database, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.

Trade-weighted tariff barriers: Data from World Development Indicators, The World Bank.

Medical tourism services: Data from Companion Global Healthcare, Inc.

Number of American cars sold in China: Author estimate based on sales reports from Ford, Fiat Chrysler, and General Motors.

U.S. public sentiment on lower trade barriers: Data from 2014 National Survey of American Public Opinion, Chicago Council on Global Affairs.

Buick sales in China and the United States: Data from General Motors.