The battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, was fought in southwestern Tennessee near the Mississippi border on April 6–7, 1862. It resulted in a Union victory and left 23,000 casualties. At that point, it was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War. The battle site is commemorated as the Shiloh National Military Park. Shiloh, “a place of peace,” was the ancient capital of Israel before Jerusalem, and it also refers to the Messiah, meaning the “peaceful one.”

Skimming lightly, wheeling still,

The swallows fly low

Over the field in clouded days,

The forest-field of Shiloh—

5

Over the field where April rain

Solaced the parched ones stretched in pain

Through the pause of night

That followed the Sunday fight

Around the church of Shiloh—

10

The church so lone, the log-built one,

That echoed to many a parting groan

And natural prayer

Of dying foemen mingled there—

Foemen at morn, but friends at eve—

15

Fame or country least their care:

(What like a bullet can undeceive!)

But now they lie low,

While over them the swallows skim,

And all is hushed at Shiloh.

(1862)