Language in Context

• Language reflects context. The language we use reflects who we’re around, where we are, and what sort of cultural factors are at play—that is, the context we’re in. In fact, we each have sets of complex language behaviors or “files” of language possibilities called speech repertoires. We call on different speech repertoires to find the most effective and appropriate language to meet the demands of a given relationship, situation, or cultural environment.
• Language builds on context. At the beginning of this chapter, we wondered about the difference between calling your stepmother “Mom” versus calling her by her first name. It’s an example of language building on context. If your stepmother raised you and is your primary maternal figure, you might well want to call her “Mom.” But if your relationship with her is strained, you are close to your own biological or adopted mother, or your stepmother entered your life once you were an adult, you may well prefer to call her by her name. As you develop relationships, you learn how people prefer to be addressed (and how you are comfortable addressing them), and you adjust your language accordingly.
• Language determines context. We can also create context by the language we use. If your professor says, “Call me Veronica,” one context is created (informal, first-name basis, more equal). If she says, “I’m Dr. Esquivel,” you will likely have expectations for a more formal context (less personal, less equal). This context will then influence your choice of speech repertoires—you’re more likely to tell “Veronica” about your weekend plans than you are to tell “Dr. Esquivel.”