Table 6.1 Listening Goals
Type	Description	Strategies
Informational	Listening to understand, learn, realize, or recognize	Listen for main ideas or details; take speaker’s perspective; use memory effectively
Critical	Listening to judge, analyze, or evaluate	Determine speaker’s goal; evaluate source of message; question logic, reasoning, and evidence of message
Empathic	Listening to provide therapy, comfort, and sympathy	Focus on speaker’s perspective; give supportive feedback; show caring; demonstrate patience; avoid judgment; focus on speaker’s goal
Appreciative	Listening for enjoyment of what is being presented	Remove physical and time distractions; know more about originator (author, artist, composer); explore new appreciative listening opportunities