• Coercion is the act of using manipulation, threats, intimidation, or violence to gain compliance and persuasion is the process of influencing (often changing or reinforcing) others’ attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors on a given topic.

• Proposition of fact (a claim of what is or is not) • Proposition of value (a claim about something’s worth) • Proposition of policy (concerned with what should happen and what goal, policy, or course of action should be pursued)

• Descriptive presentation (paints a mental picture for the audience, portraying places, events, persons, objects, or processes) • Demonstration speeches (combine explanatory narration and physical demonstration) • Definitional speeches (define a term or idea and provide answers to “what” questions) • Explanatory speeches (provide reasons or causes and demonstrate relationships)

• Arouse the audience's interest in or curiosity about the topic • Work your topic by making the subject matter relevant to the audience

• Choose a clear organization and structure. • Emphasize important points. • Do not overwhelm the audience. Build on prior knowledge. • Define terms that the audience may be unfamiliar with. • Use interesting and appropriate supporting material. • Use appropriate presentation aids.