Chapter 12.

12.1 Chapter 10: Types of L2 Errors

Using the dropdown menu, choose which kind of L2 error is represented in the example sentence. Each sentence has one or more L2 errors that can be classified as phonological, lexical, morphological, or syntactic. (See Table 10.4 in the textbook.) The learner’s L1 is given at the end of the sentence in parentheses.

Question 12.1

On Sunday, I woke up late. Then I lost my breakfast. But that is okay because in Brazil I don’t usually have breakfast. (Portuguese)

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The correct answer is lexical. The word lost should be missed.

Question 12.2

I didn’t took my exam paper home. (Chinese)

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The correct answer is morphological. The phrase didn’t took should be didn’t take.

Question 12.3

I got the grade for my math exam which I didn’t do well in it. (Arabic)

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The correct answer is syntactic. The relative clause which I didn’t do well in it has an unnecessary pronoun.

Question 12.4

I am not telling that we should shout to everyone and be aggressive and nervous. (Turkish)

VvM0VvYhuReZQimtwwpJEXaNAnU3x0BBZbNLYNHav+gfuskIA5LuiRCfquifkz/JBEBtRpBv2bQ=
The correct answer is lexical. The word telling should be saying.

Question 12.5

I saw a TV proglam. (Japanese)

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The correct answer is phonological. The word proglam shows a lack if distinction between l and r.

Question 12.6

He is very friendship, and everyone likes him. (Portuguese)

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The correct answer is morphological. The word friendship should be friendly.

Question 12.7

She recommended me a teacher. (Spanish)

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The correct answer is syntactic. The word recommend is not a distransitive verb that takes two NP objects.

Question 12.8

Many Chinese students spell the name of the city Parkersburg as Pukesbug.

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The correct answer is phonological. Learners are spelling Parkersburg as they pronounce it [pʌkəsbəɡ].

Question 12.9

Today have a variety of sports in Brazil. (Portuguese)

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The correct answer is syntactic. English is not a null subject language. An overt subject is required.

Question 12.10

I was so nervous to talk something in English in front of an audience. (Japanese)

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The correct answer is lexical. The word talk should be say.

Question 12.11

If I depart from Seoul, in four hours driving, I can arrived at the end of Korea. (Korean)

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The correct answer is morphological. The phrase can arrived should be can arrive.

Question 12.12

There are two factors made me decide to come here. (Chinese)

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The correct answer is syntactic. There is no overt subject for the verb made.

Question 12.13

A speaker of Dominican Spanish spelled the word stairwell as estearwell.

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The correct answer is phonological. The learner is inserting an epenthetic [e] as would be necessary in Spanish.

Question 12.14

I haven’t come back to my home country yet. (Polish)

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The correct answer is lexical. The word come should be gone.

Question 12.15

It sounds ridiculously, but it is my true feeling. (Chinese)

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The correct answer is morphological. The word ridiculously should be ridiculous.