General

D’Alessio, J.A., K.J. Wright, and R. Tjian. 2009. Shifting players and paradigms in cell-specific transcription. Mol. Cell 36:924–931.

Michel, D. 2010. How transcription factors can adjust the gene expression floodgates. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 102:16–37.

Basic Mechanisms of Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activation

Arnosti, D.N., and M.M. Kulkarin. 2005. Transcriptional enhancers: Intelligent enhanceosomes or flexible billboards? J. Cell Biol. 94:890–898.

757

Bernstein, E., and S.B. Hake. 2006. The nucleosome: A little variation goes a long way. Biochem. Cell Biol. 84:505–517.

Björklund, S., and C.M. Gustafsson. 2005. The yeast Mediator complex and its regulation. Trends Biochem. Sci. 30:240–244.

Segal, E., and J. Widom. 2009. What controls nucleosome positions? Trends Genet. 25:335–343.

Combinatorial Control of Gene Expression

Campbell, R.N., M.K. Leverentz, L.A. Ryan, and R.J. Reece. 2008. Metabolic control of transcription: Paradigms and lessons from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem. J. 414:177–187.

Davidson, E.H., and M.S. Levine. 2008. Properties of developmental gene regulatory networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105:20,063–20,066.

Juven-Gershon, T., J.Y. Hsu, J.W. Theisen, and J.T. Kadonaga. 2008. The RNA polymerase II core promoter: The gateway to transcription. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 20:253–259.

Transcriptional Regulation Mechanisms Unique to Eukaryotes

Gaszner, M., and G. Felsenfeld. 2006. Insulators: Exploiting transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Nat. Rev. Genet. 7:703–713.

Grzechnik, P., S.M. Tan-Wong, and N.J. Proudfoot. 2014. Terminate and make a loop: Regulation of transcriptional directionality. Trends Biochem. Sci. 39:319–327.

Werner, M.H., and S.K. Burley. 1997. Architectural transcription factors: Proteins that remodel DNA. Cell 88:733–736.

Wood, A.J., and R.J. Oakey. 2006. Transcriptional control: Imprinting insulation. Curr. Biol. 10:R463–465.

758