DNA Polymerase Simulation (Chapter 11)

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Tutorial Comprehension Quiz

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After you've completed the tutorial, click the button below to answer questions about what you've learned.

Tutorial Comprehension Quiz

Question 1 of 7

Question

Mutation in the sequences encoding the exonuclease domain of DNA polymerase would most likely result in:

DNA polymerase that polymerizes in the 3’ → 5’ direction.

a preponderance of A-DNA (rather than the more common B-DNA).

incorporation of ribonucleotides.

an increase in the number of mutations in the newly synthesized DNA strand.

hydrogen bonds being formed in the sugar–phosphate backbone.

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

Energy for DNA polymerization during replication is derived from:

hydrolysis of the high-energy phosphate bond between the β phosphate and ɣ phosphate of the nucleotide newly incorporated into the growing DNA strand.

ATP provided by the energy-storage domain of the DNA polymerase.

hydrolysis of water by the exonuclease domain of the DNA polymerase.

hydrolysis of the high-energy phosphate bond between the α phosphate and β phosphate of the nucleotide newly incorporated into the growing DNA strand.

ATP provided by the exonuclease domain of the DNA polymerase.

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

DNA polymerase moves down a DNA strand in the __________ direction and thus replicates the new strand of DNA in the __________ direction.

5’ → 3’, 3’ → 5’

3’ → 5’, 3’ → 5’

5’ → 3’, 5’ → 3’

3’ → 5’, 5’ → 3’

DNA polymerase does not interact directly with the DNA strand.

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

Which is the correct type and location of bonds formed when a new nucleotide is added to the growing DNA strand?

Hydrogen bonds form between complementary base pairs of the two strands; a phosphodiester bond forms between pentoses.

Covalent bonds form between complementary base pairs and between the pentose of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the other.

Phosphodiester bonds form between complementary base pairs; a hydrogen bond forms between the pentose of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the other.

There are no bonds formed between the actual DNA strands. Rather, van der Waals interactions hold the DNA molecule together.

Hydrogen bonds form between adjacent bases on the same strand; a phosphodiester bond forms between pentoses.

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

In which DNA polymerase reaction is H₂O used?

the exonuclease proofreading activity

the formation of the hydrogen bonds

the addition of a nucleotide to the polymerase

the shifting of the DNA polymerase down the DNA molecule

the formation of the phosphodiester bond

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

What is the purpose of DNA polymerase?

to create single-stranded DNA molecules that can then bind to ribosomes and be translated into protein

to create single-stranded RNA molecules that can then bind to ribosomes and be translated into protein

to replicate each strand of a DNA molecule while proofreading along the way

to proofread an already replicated double-stranded DNA molecule

to introduce mutations into the DNA and so increase genetic diversity in a population

Correct.

Incorrect.

Question

What is the bond that is formed from a nucleophilic attack during DNA polymerase reactions, and which molecules are involved?

a phosphodiester bond between the hydroxyl group of the pentose ring on the last nucleotide added to the growing strand and the ɣ phosphate of the newly added nucleotide

There are no nucleophilic attacks during DNA polymerase reactions. A nucleophilic attack only occurs during the synthesis of an mRNA molecule.

a covalent bond between the exonuclease domain of DNA polymerase and the α phosphate of the newly added nucleotide

a phosphodiester bond between the hydroxyl group of the pentose ring on the last nucleotide added to the growing strand and the α phosphate of the newly added nucleotide

a hydrogen bond between the base of the nucleotide on the original strand and the base of the newly added nucleotide

Correct.

Incorrect.

Chapter 1. DNA Polymerase Simulation (Chapter 11)

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