Chapter 9. Alcohol Expectancies

Intro

Alcohol Expectancies
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Alcohol’s behavioral effects stem not only from its impact on brain functioning, but also from the drinker’s expectations. To gain some insight into your alcohol expectancies, complete the Anticipated Effects of Alcohol scale. The scale captures both how you expect alcohol to affect your emotions and how you expect alcohol to affect your level of arousal for example your level of relaxation or energy

Check Your Health

Check your health

The following is a list of feelings that people may experience after drinking alcohol. People often report different experiences during a drinking episode and after stopping drinking for the night. Therefore, you will be asked to indicate (1) how you expect to feel immediately after drinking 4 or 5 drinks within a 2-hour period and (2) how you expect to feel an hour and half (90 minutes) after finishing your final 4th (female) or 5th (male) drink. If you have never consumed that many drinks in a 2-hour period, please indicate how you think you would feel in this situation.

On a scale of 0–10, where 0 = not at all, 5 = moderately, and 10 = extremely, please rate the extent to which you believe you would experience each of these feelings immediately after drinking 4 drinks if you are a female or 5 drinks if you are a male.

1.

ANTICIPATED EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL SCALE

Not At All Moderately Extremely

1. Sociable

2. Moody

3. Demanding

4. Mellow

5. Carefree

6. Rude

7. Relaxed

8. Woozy

9. Fun

10. Lively

11. Calm

12. Aggressive

13. Dizzy

14. Anxious

15. Attractive

16. Ill

17. Wobbly

18. Funny

19. Talkative

20. Confident

21. Happy

22. Drunk

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{true} setModel("q3", qqMC3 )
{true} setModel("q4", qqMC4)
{true} setModel("q5", qqMC5)
{true} setModel("q6", qqMC6)
{true} setModel("q7", qqMC7)
{true} setModel("q8", qqMC8)
{true} setModel("q9", qqMC9)
{true} setModel("q10", qqMC10)
{true} setModel("q11", qqMC11)
{true} setModel("q12", qqMC12)
{true} setModel("q13", qqMC13)
{true} setModel("q14", qqMC14)
{true} setModel("q15", qqMC15)
{true} setModel("q16", qqMC16)
{true} setModel("q17", qqMC17)
{true} setModel("q18", qqMC18)
{true} setModel("q19", qqMC19)
{true} setModel("q20", qqMC20)
{true} setModel("q21", qqMC21)
{true} setModel("q22", qqMC22)
{true} setModel("palliativescore", (qqMC1+1 + qqMC5+1 + qqMC9+1 + qqMC10+1 + qqMC15+1 + qqMC18+1 + qqMC19+1 + qqMC20+1)/9)
{true} setModel("instrumentalscore", (qqMC2+1 + qqMC3+1 + qqMC6+1 + qqMC12+1 + qqMC14+1)/5 )
{true} setModel("distractionscore", (qqMC4+1 + qqMC7+1 + qqMC11+1)/3 )
{true} setModel("emotionalscore", (qqMC8+1 + qqMC13+1 + qqMC16+1 + qqMC17+1 + qqMC22+1)/5 )

On a scale of 0–10 please rate the extent to which you believe you would experience each of these feelings 90 minutes after drinking 4 drinks (female) or 5 drinks (male).

ANTICIPATED EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL SCALE

Not At All Moderately Extremely

1. Sociable

2. Moody

3. Demanding

4. Mellow

5. Carefree

6. Rude

7. Relaxed

8. Woozy

9. Fun

10. Lively

11. Calm

12. Aggressive

13. Dizzy

14. Anxious

15. Attractive

16. Ill

17. Wobbly

18. Funny

19. Talkative

20. Confident

21. Happy

22. Drunk

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{true} setModel("q4", qqMC4)
{true} setModel("q5", qqMC5)
{true} setModel("q6", qqMC6)
{true} setModel("q7", qqMC7)
{true} setModel("q8", qqMC8)
{true} setModel("q9", qqMC9)
{true} setModel("q10", qqMC10)
{true} setModel("q11", qqMC11)
{true} setModel("q12", qqMC12)
{true} setModel("q13", qqMC13)
{true} setModel("q14", qqMC14)
{true} setModel("q15", qqMC15)
{true} setModel("q16", qqMC16)
{true} setModel("q17", qqMC17)
{true} setModel("q18", qqMC18)
{true} setModel("q19", qqMC19)
{true} setModel("q20", qqMC20)
{true} setModel("q21", qqMC21)
{true} setModel("q22", qqMC22)
{true} setModel("palliativescore", (qqMC1+1 + qqMC5+1 + qqMC9+1 + qqMC10+1 + qqMC15+1 + qqMC18+1 + qqMC19+1 + qqMC20+1)/9)
{true} setModel("instrumentalscore", (qqMC2+1 + qqMC3+1 + qqMC6+1 + qqMC12+1 + qqMC14+1)/5 )
{true} setModel("distractionscore", (qqMC4+1 + qqMC7+1 + qqMC11+1)/3 )
{true} setModel("emotionalscore", (qqMC8+1 + qqMC13+1 + qqMC16+1 + qqMC17+1 + qqMC22+1)/5 )

Your Score

This questionnaire consists of four subscales measuring four different anticipated effects of alcohol described below. Your score was calculated by taking the mean of your answer choices for each subscale. The subscale with the highest mean indicates how you generally expect to feel after drinking alcohol.

Subscale

Items

Your Score

High arousal with positive emotional effects

Lively, Sociable, Carefree, Fun, Attractive, Funny, Talkative, Confident, Happy

{model.palliativescore}

High arousal with negative emotional effects

Demanding, Moody, Rude, Aggressive, Anxious

{model.instrumentalscore}

Low arousal with positive emotional effects

Mellow, Calm, Relaxed

{model.distractionscore}

Low arousal with negative emotional effects

Wobbly, Woozy, Dizzy, Ill, Drunk

{model.emotionalscore}

IMPROVE YOUR HEALTH

Did your alcohol expectancies score surprise you? An individual’s beliefs about the effects of alcohol affect not only their behavior when they consume alcohol but also their behavior when they believe they have consumed alcohol even if they haven’t. In addition, a person’s beliefs about the effects of alcohol can affect the amount they drink. As you have read in your textbook heavy drinking can have hazardous effects on a person physically and psychologically. Drinking in moderation is best.

SOURCES

Morean, M. E., Corbin, W. R., & Treat, T. A. (2012). The Anticipated Effects of Alcohol Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation of a novel assessment tool for measuring alcohol expectancies. Psychological Assessment, 24(4), 1008–1023.