EXAMPLE 2 An example of hypotheses

Recall the dice-throwing situation in Example 1. Suppose we wanted to conduct a hypothesis test to test whether the population mean of the dice tossed in Example 1 is less than 7. State the hypotheses.

Solution

We want to test whether is less than 7. The only place a “less than” sign appears in Table 1 is for the left-tailed test:

Next, we ask ourselves, “less than what?” The answer to this question, 7, is the value of . That is, . The same value goes in both . Thus, we have our hypotheses: