Section 9.3 Summary

1. The -value can be thought of as the probability of observing a sample statistic at least as extreme as the statistic in your sample if we assume that the null hypothesis is true. The rejection rule for the -value method is to reject when the , the level of significance.
2. The -value can be used to assess the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis.
3. The critical-value method and the -value method are equivalent, and related in several ways.
4. We can use a single confidence interval for to help us perform any number of corresponding two-tailed hypothesis tests about .