The ability of a test to produce consistent results when administered on repeated occasions under similar conditions.

The tendency to view objects as functioning only in their usual or customary way.

A strategy in which the likelihood of an event is estimated by comparing how similar it is to the prototype of the event.

The hypothesis that differences among languages cause differences in the thoughts of their speakers.

Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by: (1) deficits in social communication and social interaction and (2) restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities.

A group of cognitive processes used to generate useful, original, and novel ideas or solutions to problems.

Formerly called mental retardation. Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in general mental abilities which result in impairments of adaptive functioning, such that the individual fails to meet standards of personal independence and social responsibility.

A problem-solving strategy that involves following a specific rule, procedure, or method that inevitably produces the correct solution.

The tendency to persist in solving problems with solutions that have worked in the past.

A psychological predicament in which fear that you will be evaluated in terms of a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong creates anxiety and self-doubt, lowering performance in a particular domain that is important to you.

A test designed to measure a person’s level of knowledge, skill, or accomplishment in a particular area.

The notion of a general intelligence factor that is responsible for a person’s overall performance on tests of mental ability.

The tendency to seek out evidence that confirms an existing belief while ignoring evidence that might contradict or undermine that belief.

A measure of general intelligence derived by comparing an individual’s score with the scores of others in the same age group.

The study of animal learning, memory, thinking, and language.

Robert Sternberg’s theory that there are three distinct forms of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical.

A measurement of intelligence in which an individual’s mental level is expressed in terms of the average abilities of a given age group.

A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present.

A test designed to assess a person’s capacity to benefit from education or training.

The most typical instance of a particular concept.

A bell-shaped distribution of individual differences in a normal population in which most scores cluster around the average score.

Coming to a conclusion or making a judgment without conscious awareness of the thought processes involved.

A problem-solving strategy that involves following a general rule of thumb to reduce the number of possible solutions.

Thinking and behavior directed toward attaining a goal that is not readily available.

A problem-solving strategy that involves attempting different solutions and eliminating those that do not work.

The manipulation of mental representations of information in order to draw inferences and conclusions.

The sudden realization of how a problem can be solved.

A system for combining arbitrary symbols to produce an infinite number of meaningful statements.

A strategy in which the likelihood of an event is estimated on the basis of how readily available other instances of the event are in memory.

The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure.

The mental activities involved in acquiring, retaining, and using knowledge.

The percentage of variation within a given population that is due to heredity.

The administration of a test to a large, representative sample of people under uniform conditions for the purpose of establishing norms.

A mental category of objects or ideas based on properties they share.

Fluency in two or more languages.

Individual instances of a concept or category, held in memory.

A mental category that is formed by learning the rules or features that define it.

The global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with the environment.

A mental category that is formed as a result of everyday experience.