Figure 1.11 World map of the Human Development Index, 2012. The Human Development Index (HDI) includes life expectancy, adult literacy, educational participation, and gross domestic product (GDP). These statistics are brought together to create a measure of development that is more balanced than one based only on economic growth. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), in its Human Development Reports, calculates the HDI yearly. In what countries or regions does the HDI measure surprise you? Why? (Source: Human Development Report, 2012. Accessed at http://hdr.undp.org.)