Chapter 24

Quiz for Chapter Twenty-Four Thinking Like a Historian: The Global Cold War

Feature Quiz

Chapter 24d

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Question 1

In his speech before Congress in 1947 (source 1), President Harry Truman stated, “At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life. The choice is too often not a free one. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections. . . . The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror and oppression, a controlled press and radio; fixed elections, and the suppression of personal freedoms.” Which of the following developments led Truman to this assessment?A. Mao’s victory in the Chinese civil war and his establishment of the Peoples’ Republic of China
B. Stalin’s exercise of control and unwillingness to honor self-determination in the nations of Eastern Europe
C. The United Nations General Assembly’s vote to partition Palestine between the Jewish and Arab sectors
D. Fidel Castro’s successful overthrow of Fulgencio Batista and the establishment of socialism in Cuba

Question 2

Syngman Rhee’s appeal to the United States for weapons and assistance was for South Korea’s war against which of the following invading nations?A. China
B. The Soviet Union
C. North Korea
D. Vietnam

Question 3

In his 1951 testimony before the Senate Armed Forces and Foreign Relations Committee (source 3), Secretary of State Dean Acheson justified the United States’s decision to initiate a “police action” in Korea by saying, “As a people we condemn aggression of any kind. We reject appeasement of any kind. If we stood with our arms folded while Korea was swallowed up, it would have meant abandoning our principles, and it would have meant the defeat of the collective security system on which our own safety ultimately depends.” In these remarks, Acheson compared the actions of North Korean leader Kim Il Sung to which of the following events?A. Stalin’s domination over Eastern European states after World War II
B. Hitler’s seizure of Austria and Czechoslovakia in the late 1930s
C. Mao Zedong’s successful Chinese Revolution in 1949
D. The Japanese attack on the U.S. Navy at Pearl Harbor in 1941

Question 4

The remarks that Japanese prime minister Shigeru Yoshida made to the Japanese Diet in 1950 provide evidence to support which of the following historical arguments?A. Still reeling from its World War II defeat, the Japanese feared U.S. military action in Asia.
B. Unconvinced by Cold War rhetoric, disarmed Japan felt secure in the post–World War II world.
C. Due to its history as an aggressor nation, Japan sympathized with the Soviet Union in 1950.
D. By 1950, Japan was strongly aligned with the United States and fearful of a Communist threat.

Question 5

According to John Foster Dulles, why did the United States intervene in Guatemala and depose its democratically elected president?A. President Arbenz had pursued reform policies that affected the United Fruit Company.
B. Guatemala had pursued aggressive foreign policies that threatened other American nations.
C. The Soviet Union had installed Arbenz to spread communism through the Americas.
D. Arbenz refused to acknowledge and accept the legitimacy of the Monroe Doctrine.

Question 6

What did Guillermo Toriello suggest in source 6 about why the United States objected to Guatemala’s new democratically elected government?A. Its policies threatened the dominance of American businesses in Guatemala’s economy.
B. The new government opposed American intervention against communism in Asia.
C. The government had been sponsored and installed by the Soviet Union.
D. Its aggressive actions threatened to spread communism to the rest of Central America.