Chapter 13

Map Quiz

Chapter 13

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This map shows the Western Campaigns of the Civil War from 1861 to 1862. As the Civil War intensified in 1862, Union and Confederate military and naval forces sought control of the great valleys of the Ohio, Tennessee, and Mississippi rivers, as well as the trans-Mississippi west. In fall 1861, a Confederate force marched west from Texas, hoping to seize the rich mining areas of Nevada and Colorado, but they were turned back in March 1862 at the Battle of Glorieta Pass. From February through April 1862, Union armies moved south through western Tennessee. By the end of June, Union naval forces controlled the Mississippi River north of Memphis and from the Gulf of Mexico to Vicksburg. These military and naval victories gave the Union control of crucial transportation routes, kept Missouri in the Union, and carried the war to the borders of the states of the Lower South. The map key denotes the routes taken by Union forces of Sherman, Grant, Farragut-Butler, Buell, Lyon, and Curtis, as well as the California column. Union victories are identified at Picacho Pass, Valverde, and Glorieta Pass in the New Mexico territory on April 15, 1862, Feb. 20–21, 1862, and March 26–28, 1862, respectively; Pea Ridge, Arkansas on March 6–8, 1862; New Madrid at the Missouri line on Mar. 14, 1862; Ft. Jackson, Louisiana on April 24, 1862; Pensacola, Florida on May 18, 1862; Shiloh, Tennessee on April 6 to April 7, 1862; Murfreesboro, Tennessee, Dec. 31, 1862; and Perryville, Kentucky, Oct. 8, 1862. The only Confederate Victory shown on the map is at Wilson’s Creek, Missouri on Aug. 10, 1861. — MAP 13.2 The Western Campaigns, 1861–1862

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Question 1

Which of the following was a Confederate victory in the Western theater between 1861 and 1862?A. Fort Donelson.
B. Shiloh.
C. Wilson’s Creek.
D. Murfreesboro.

Question 2

Based on this map, the Union strategy in the West during the early part of the Civil War was toA. defeat every Confederate partisan.
B. decimate Confederate morale.
C. capture only Confederate ocean ports.
D. control major transit routes like railroads and rivers.

Question 3

Which of the following statements does this map justify?A. Union troops attacked the Mississippi River from all directions– north, south, east, and west.
B. Nashville fell to Union forces before New Orleans.
C. Union naval and ground forces worked concurrently to achieve Lincoln’s goals in the West.
D. Confederate forces focused their efforts in the Gulf Coast and Alabama at this time.