What is the current controversy of food vs. fuel?
Interactive Study Guide
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Guiding Question 29.3
What is the current controversy of “food versus fuel,” and what are some possible solutions to address it?
Why You Should Care
A major trade-off associated with biofuels exists when potential food crops are diverted for food production or when former cropland is converted from growing food to plants used for biofuel. The objections to this are largely obvious, a big one being that most of the land suitable for growing food is already in cultivation, so it takes away from food production to use that land for growing fuel. Another objection is that some of the crops used for fuel production are rather energy intensive to grow, so many of the environmental benefits of using biofuels are lost. Other objections are political: In the United States and Brazil, the world’s largest producers of bioethanol from corn and sugarcane, respectively, production is largely driven by government subsidy rather than by market demand. This means that some government directives to increase energy independence and environmentally conscious fuel production are at odds with the interests of agribusiness lobbies. Solutions to this issue are two-fold: 1) Develop plants that require the minimum of energy expenditure for cultivation and processing into fuel and 2) take measures to ensure that governmental policies foster their cultivation and processing.
Question
29.1
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Question
29.2
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Question
29.3
mSyr2DHuRlU1ExJYqY1+vgRjARzOdVHTFL4p9PCvdMrOHK+3jQ00lPObVrnln4EMJtd9J3jBnt3hUXkEylIpLnXhyJLJtlLmyMwc5utwaQvsPNPacd0hSqyQnaJeBro7WEIfCtqMgqyZwGaYvVmk5FmctwbG4BA9jeq2E8okhQGnGqX527CWX4yfgTDVD4uWjXbbsVbnv6nEfQs6s69+K8qyGl3oLPtXSON/Bq59bxRwJR/yOY4azCeJZVmjxwANoRjEDz70Z3B7YHonxft9IchJBRkQN8qZ5BUNYJwHKVCSSFuAIzxzAZbZ9ce5ImL6qnJwPLICsOsOUDGJkbsKtaiSDro=
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Question
29.4
cVO/4+kBt+d4/DK6JIOewqtsKVv4r47EV+AzVes8zEjL3HHqgWn9/ZYUs+BOx+K6GMwHrZwxCM837/t/8OCnNU4oXleuwHl6z53LQnCeuUD5PZmU9OrolzIOmlct/l+lv0SVHTdCaXZo5YeFUTf/JIZ09VokvnDJjmhQaAi8vnpoSkPHzugZt6KYMkyHy1bvBielsbyEdm/4OqaclazAeRQwJCZUZx1ovq14dlZWh1Ye7Gq7/QqDamUvrebR7y7qSa1Wjagin1PGuAU6xW6AK2/FBKnBiRYErnHcm54/TF4=
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Question
29.5
9UGZdqT/8G6S85HS1Bx+dcZTaBq74Syz3DJsKMIHZHulXWt7hszVJAbBrAqB34j5931f9nMVMcTVzQlVU9FKtVCOQBYmajQBFDtqTkY3brN6YHifn9A/g+9xIZmgrEn3
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They point down because they represent how much less CO2 is emitted by using those fuels over burning the same amount of gasoline. Since the numbers are negative, the bottom of the y axis is not set at zero; rather, the top of the y axis range is set at zero with negative numbers increasing downward.
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29.6
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Because one liter of ethanol does not have the same energy content as one liter of biodiesel. Moreover, the other energy products (mostly the grain left over after fermentation) aren't liquid.
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29.7
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By using the legend, you will find that most of the energy produced by raising corn is used for non-fuel applications.
