EXERCISE 23.4

Study the italicized words in each of the following passages, and decide what each word’s connotations contribute to your understanding of the passage. Think of a synonym for each word, and see if you can decide what difference the new word would make on the effect of the passage.

  1. If boxing is a sport, it is the most tragic of all sports because, more than any human activity, it consumes the very excellence it displays: Its very drama is this consumption. — Joyce Carol Oates, “On Boxing”

    tragic: distressing, alarming, disturbing; drama: excitement, tension, vitality
  2. Then one evening Miss Glory told me to serve the ladies on the porch. After I set the tray down and turned toward the kitchen, one of the women asked, “What’s your name, girl?” — Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings

    girl: young lady, miss
  3. The Kiowas are a summer people; they abide the cold and keep to themselves; but when the season turns and the land becomes warm and vital, they cannot hold still. — N. Scott Momaday, “The Way to Rainy Mountain”

    abide: tolerate; turns: changes; vital: alive; hold still: contain their energy