Table : TABLE 12.2
Behavior in the Presence of Others: Three Phenomena
| Phenomenon | Social context | Psychological effect of others’ presence | Behavioral effect |
|---|
| Social facilitation | Individual being observed | Increased arousal | Amplified dominant behavior, such as doing better what one does well (or doing worse what is difficult) |
| Social loafing | Group projects | Diminished feelings of responsibility when not individually accountable | Decreased effort |
| Deindividuation | Group setting that fosters arousal and anonymity | Reduced self-awareness | Lowered self-restraint |