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REVIEW Expressing and Experiencing Emotion

Learning Objectives

Test Yourself by taking a moment to answer each of these Learning Objective Questions (repeated here from within the module). Research suggests that trying to answer these questions on your own will improve your long-term memory of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009).

Question

32-1 How do we communicate nonverbally?
ANSWER: Much of our communication is through body movements, facial expressions, and voice tones. Even seconds-long filmed slices of behavior can reveal feelings.

Question

32-2 Do the genders differ in their ability to communicate nonverbally?
ANSWER: Women tend to read emotional cues more easily and to be more empathic. Their faces also express more emotion.

Question

32-3 Do gestures and facial expressions mean the same thing in all cultures?
ANSWER: The meaning of gestures varies with culture, but facial expressions, such as those of happiness and sadness, are common the world over. Cultures also differ in the amount of emotion they express.

Question

32-4 How do our facial expressions influence our feelings?
ANSWER: Research on the facial feedback effect shows that our facial expressions can trigger emotional feelings and signal our body to respond accordingly. We also mimic others' expressions, which helps us empathize. A similar behavior feedback effect is the tendency of behavior to influence our own and others' thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Terms and Concepts to Remember

Test yourself on these terms.

Question

facial feedback effect (p. 401)
behavior feedback effect (p. 402)
the tendency of behavior to influence our own and others' thoughts, feelings, and actions.
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness.

Experience the Testing Effect

Test yourself repeatedly throughout your studies. This will not only help you figure out what you know and don’t know; the testing itself will help you learn and remember the information more effectively thanks to the testing effect.

Question 10.20

1. When people are induced to assume fearful expressions, they often report feeling a little fear. This result is known as the effect.

Question 10.21

2. Aiden has a bad cold and finds himself shuffling to class with his head down. How might his posture, as well as his cold, affect his emotional well-being?
ANSWER: Aiden's droopy posture could negatively affect his mood thanks to the behavior feedback effect, which tends to make us feel the way we act.

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