The technology of experimental films and the visions they express have their roots in the wider technological and social changes associated with modernity. The rapid industrial and cultural changes of the early twentieth century, during which time motion picture technology was perfected, inspired new developments in painting, music, design, and architecture, which captured new experiences of accelerated and disjunctive time, spatial juxtaposition, and fragmentation enabled by such technologies as the railroad, the telegraph, and electricity. As cinema is literally made with machines and explores both space and time, the medium was considered a central art of modernism.