Front Matter

Introduction

About the Authors

Acknowledgments

Reviewers

Getting the Most from This Book

Chapter 1 Environmental Science: Studying the State of Our Earth

Introduction

Module 1 Environmental Science

Module 1 Review

Module 2 Environmental Indicators and Sustainability

do the math: Converting Between Hectares and Acres

do the math: Rates of Forest Clearing

Module 2 Review

Module 3 Scientific Method

Module 3 Review

Working Toward Sustainability Using Environmental Indicators to Make a Better City

Chapter 1 Review

Chapter 1 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 2 Environmental Systems

Introduction

Module 4 Systems and Matter

Module 4 Review

Module 5 Energy, Flows, and Feedbacks

do the math: Calculating Energy Use and Converting Units

Module 5 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Managing Environmental Systems in the Florida Everglades

Chapter 2 Review

Chapter 2 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 1

Unit 1 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 1: What Happened to the Missing Salt?

Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology

Introduction

Module 6 The Movement of Energy

Module 6 Review

Module 7 The Movement of Matter

do the math: Raising Mangoes

Module 7 Review

Module 8 Responses to Disturbances

Module 8 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Can We Make Golf Greens Greener?

Chapter 3 Review

Chapter 3 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 4 Global Climates and Biomes

Introduction

Module 9 The Unequal Heating of Earth

Module 9 Review

Module 10 Air Currents

Module 10 Review

Module 11 Ocean Currents

Module 11 Review

Module 12 Terrestrial Biomes

Module 12 Review

Module 13 Aquatic Biomes

Module 13 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Is Your Coffee Made in the Shade?

Chapter 4 Review

Chapter 4 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 5 Evolution of Biodiversity

Introduction

Module 14 The Biodiversity of Earth

do the math: Measuring Species Diversity

Module 14 Review

Module 15 How Evolution Creates Biodiversity

Module 15 Review

Module 16 Speciation and the Pace of Evolution

Module 16 Review

Module 17 Evolution of Niches and Species Distributions

Module 17 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Protecting the Oceans When They Cannot Be Bought

Chapter 5 Review

Chapter 5 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 2

Unit 2 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 2: How Should We Prioritize the Protection of Species Diversity?

Chapter 6 Population and Community Ecology

Introduction

Module 18 The Abundance and Distribution of Populations

Module 18 Review

Module 19 Population Growth Models

do the math: Calculating Exponential Growth

Module 19 Review

Module 20 Community Ecology

Module 20 Review

Module 21 Community Succession

Module 21 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Bringing Back the Black-footed Ferret

Chapter 6 Review

Chapter 6 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 7 The Human Population

Introduction

Module 22 Human Population Numbers

do the math: Calculating Population Growth

Module 22 Review

Module 23 Economic Development, Consumption, and Sustainability

Module 23 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Gender Equity and Population Control in Kerala

Chapter 7 Review

Chapter 7 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 3

Unit 3 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 3: How Can We Manage Overabundant Animal Populations?

Chapter 8 Earth Systems

Introduction

Module 24 Mineral Resources and Geology

do the math: Plate Movement

Module 24 Review

Module 25 Weathering and Soil Science

Module 25 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Mine Reclamation and Biodiversity

Chapter 8 Review

Chapter 8 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 9 Water Resources

Introduction

Module 26 The Availability of Water

Module 26 Review

Module 27 Human Alteration of Water Availability

Module 27 Review

Module 28 Human Use of Water Now and in the Future

do the math: Selecting the Best Washing Machine

Module 28 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Is the Water in Your Toilet Too Clean?

Chapter 9 Review

Chapter 9 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 4

Unit 4 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 4: Is There a Way to Resolve the California Water Wars?

Chapter 10 Land, Public and Private

Introduction

Module 29 Land Use Concepts and Classification

Module 29 Review

Module 30 Land Management Practices

Module 30 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: What Are the Ingredients for a Successful Neighborhood?

Chapter 10 Review

Chapter 10 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 11 Feeding the World

Introduction

Module 31 Human Nutritional Needs

Module 31 Review

Module 32 Modern Large-Scale Farming Methods

do the math: Land Needed for Food

Module 32 Review

Module 33 Alternatives to Industrial Farming Methods

Module 33 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: The Prospect of Perennial Crops

Chapter 11 Review

Chapter 11 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 5

Unit 5 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 5: How Do We Define Organic Food?

Chapter 12 Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Introduction

Module 34 Patterns of Energy Use

do the math: Efficiency of Travel

do the math: Calculating Energy Supply

Module 34 Review

Module 35 Fossil Fuel Resources

Module 35 Review

Module 36 Nuclear Energy Resources

do the math: Calculating Half-Lives

Module 36 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Meet TED: The Energy Detective

Chapter 12 Review

Chapter 12 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 13 Achieving Energy Sustainability

Introduction

Module 37 Conservation, Efficiency, and Renewable Energy

do the math: Energy Star

Module 37 Review

Module 38 Biomass and Water

Module 38 Review

Module 39 Solar, Wind, Geothermal, and Hydrogen

Module 39 Review

Module 40 Planning Our Energy Future

Module 40 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Building an Alternative Energy Society in Iceland

Chapter 13 Review

Chapter 13 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 6

Unit 6 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 6: Should Corn Become Fuel?

Chapter 14 Water Pollution

Introduction

Module 41 Wastewater from Humans and Livestock

do the math: Building a Manure Lagoon

Module 41 Review

Module 42 Heavy Metals and Other Chemicals

Module 42 Review

Module 43 Oil Pollution

Module 43 Review

Module 44 Nonchemical Water Pollution

Module 44 Review

Module 45 Water Pollution Laws

Module 45 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Purifying Water for Pennies

Chapter 14 Review

Chapter 14 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Introduction

Module 46 Major Air Pollutants and Their Sources

Module 46 Review

Module 47 Photochemical Smog and Acid Rain

Module 47 Review

Module 48 Pollution Control Measures

do the math: Calculating Annual Sulfur Reductions

Module 48 Review

Module 49 Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Module 49 Review

Module 50 Indoor Air Pollution

Module 50 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: A New Cook Stove Design

Chapter 15 Review

Chapter 15 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 16 Waste Generation and Waste Disposal

Introduction

Module 51 Only Humans Generate Waste

Module 51 Review

Module 52 The Three Rs and Composting

Module 52 Review

Module 53 Landfills and Incineration

do the math: How Much Leachate Might Be Collected?

Module 53 Review

Module 54 Hazardous Waste

Module 54 Review

Module 55 New Ways to Think About Solid Waste

Module 55 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Recycling E-Waste in Chile

Chapter 16 Review

Chapter 16 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 17 Human Health and Environmental Risks

Introduction

Module 56 Human Disease

Module 56 Review

Module 57 Toxicology and Chemical Risks

do the math: Estimating LD50 Values and Safe Exposures

Module 57 Review

Module 58 Risk Analysis

Module 58 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: The Global Fight Against Malaria

Chapter 17 Review

Chapter 17 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 7

Unit 7 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 7: Is Recycling Always Good for the Environment?

Chapter 18 Conservation of Biodiversity

Introduction

Module 59 The Sixth Mass Extinction

Module 59 Review

Module 60 Causes of Declining Biodiversity

Module 60 Review

Module 61 The Conservation of Biodiversity

Module 61 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Swapping Debt for Nature

Chapter 18 Review

Chapter 18 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 19 Global Change

Introduction

Module 62 Global Climate Change and the Greenhouse Effect

Module 62 Review

Module 63 The Evidence for Global Warming

do the math: Projecting Future Increases in CO₂

Module 63 Review

Module 64 The Consequences of Global Climate Change

Module 64 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Cities, States, and Businesses Lead the Way to Reduce Greenhouse Gases

Chapter 19 Review

Chapter 19 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

Chapter 20 Sustainability, Economics, and Equity

Introduction

Module 65 Sustainability and Economics

Module 65 Review

Module 66 Regulations and Equity

Module 66 Review

Working Toward Sustainability: Reuse-A-Sneaker

Chapter 20 Review

Chapter 20 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

UNIT 8

Unit 8 AP Environmental Science Practice Exam

scienceapplied 8: Can We Solve the Carbon Crisis Using Cap-and-Trade?

Practice Exam

cumulative AP® environmental science practice exam

Appendix: Reading Graphs

Introduction

Endpapers

College Board AP Topic Outline

Periodic Table of Elements

International System of Units and Common U.S. Unit Conversions

Glossary

Glossàrio