In this module, we have seen that the tragedy of the commons describes the tendency of shared, common resources to be over-exploited. Externalities are costs or benefits not included in the price of a good or service, and the tragedy of the commons can be the result of negative externalities. Maximum sustainable yield is a management technique that allows for the greatest amount of a resource that can be harvested from land without compromising the sustainability of that land and the resource. Public lands are classified and designated for various uses differently in different countries. In the United States, public lands fall under the jurisdiction of numerous federal agencies and can be managed for multiple uses. In the next module we will look in more detail at land management practices.

Module 29 AP^® Review Questions

Question 1

1. externalities.

2. fisheries in international waters.

3. the use of harvest permits.

4. the use of public land for grazing.

5. multiple-use land management.

Question 2

1. The use of national forests by private companies

2. The use of the atmosphere for air pollution

3. The use of forested watersheds for aquifer purification

4. Roads maintained with a tax on gasoline

5. The use of oceans for stormwater drainage

Question 3

1. at the maximum population size.

2. at the minimum growth rate.

3. at half the carrying capacity.

4. at approximately 90 percent of the carrying capacity.

5. at twice the maximum growth rate.

Question 4

1. A nature reserve

2. A national monument

3. A habitat management area

4. A managed resource protected area

5. A protected landscape

Question 5

1. The Bureau of Land Management

2. The United States Forest Service

3. The Fish and Wildlife Service

1. I only

2. I and II only

3. I and III only

4. II and III only

5. I, II, and III