module55REVIEW

In this module, we have seen that there are new and innovative ways to think about and handle MSW. Life-cycle analysis allows the determination of all of the materials and energy that go into the manufacture, use, and disposal of a product, with the goal of minimizing environmental impact. Life-cycle analysis is sometimes called cradle-to-grave analysis because it tracks an object from the time it is manufactured or born (cradle) until it is disposed of (grave). Sometimes life-cycle analysis can inform decisions about existing manufacturing practices. In some cases, the manufacturing process can be modified so that less waste is generated and, in addition, after a useful lifetime, the manufactured product can be remanufactured into something else.

Module 55 AP® Review Questions

Question 1

1. Life-cycle analysis

  1. examines the total environmental impact an object will make when it is discarded.

  2. examines the materials and energy associated with an object from extraction of materials to disposal.

  3. is used to analyze the least environmentally harmful way to dispose of an object.

  4. considers only the environmental costs associated with an object from extraction of materials to disposal.

  5. is not used when considering the environmental impact of products that are already being recycled.

Question 2

2. Integrated waste management

  1. suggests that communities should have multiple options for waste disposal.

  2. focuses on recycling waste.

  3. is a method of educating individuals about the best method of waste disposal.

  4. often ignores the benefits of composting.

  5. focuses on the manufacturing process of new products.

Question 3

3. Which is NOT part of the cradle to cradle concept proposed by William McDonough?

  1. Planning for disassembling materials during design

  2. Minimized waste generation during manufacturing

  3. Increased use of composite materials

  4. Mimicking the natural world in the production of hard materials

  5. Upcycling waste materials