Chapter 17 Review

chapter 17Review

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In this chapter, we learned about human diseases and chemicals that can affect human health and how we analyze the risk of environmental hazards. Human diseases can be categorized as either acute or chronic and can be infectious or not. We reviewed many of the historically important infectious diseases and then discussed the modern problem of emerging infectious diseases. In addition to these biological risks, we also need to consider chemical risks to humans and other species. Chemical risks are assessed by experiments that determine the LD50 or ED50 for various species and by following a large sample of individuals using prospective and retrospective studies. Such risk assessments can be combined with data on risk tolerance to help in risk management, which weighs the assessed risk against social, economic, and political considerations. In conducting risk management, regulators in some regions of the world use the precautionary principle while regulators in other countries, including the United States, use the guilty-until-proven-innocent principle.

Key Terms

Question

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

Learning Objectives Revisited

Module 56 Human Diseases

Module 57 Toxicology and Chemical Risks

Module 58 Risk Analysis