module56REVIEW

In this module, we examined biological risks. We learned that human health risks include physical, chemical, and biological risks. Biological risks are those associated with diseases that are either noninfectious, such as heart disease, or infectious, such as diseases caused by pathogens. Diseases can also be categorized as either acute or chronic and the risk factors for chronic diseases differ between low- and high-income countries. Some of the infectious diseases that have a long history of harming humans include plague, malaria, and tuberculosis. Other diseases have emerged more recently and include HIV/AIDS, mad cow disease, swine flu, bird flu, SARS, and West Nile virus. Knowing the disease risk factors and the ways to combat these diseases will help to reduce their effect on humans, providing that we remember issues related to the evolution of drug resistance. In the next module, we will look to chemical risks.

Module 56 AP® Review Questions

Question 1

1. An infectious disease is always

  1. transmitted directly between humans.

  2. caused by a virus.

  3. transmitted between humans and animals.

  4. treatable with antibiotics.

  5. caused by a pathogen.

Question 2

2. A disease that rapidly impairs a body’s function is

  1. infectious.

  2. acute.

  3. chronic.

  4. pathogenic.

  5. epidemic.

Question 3

3. Tuberculosis

  1. is transmitted by mosquitoes.

  2. has been almost entirely eliminated in the world.

  3. is caused by a virus.

  4. has strains that have developed resistance to antibiotics.

  5. is almost never fatal.

Question 4

4. Prions are pathogens that are responsible for

  1. AIDS.

  2. Ebola hemorrhagic fever.

  3. mad cow disease.

  4. bird flu.

  5. SARS.

Question 5

5. Which is NOT a step to be taken in the future for combating diseases?

  1. Improving nutrition

  2. The use of many antiseptic cleaners

  3. Increased education

  4. Proper sanitation

  5. Increased physical activity