module25REVIEW

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In this module, we saw that rocks and minerals undergo physical and chemical weathering and become products that are precursors for soil. Weathered materials are subject to erosion, which is a natural process that can be enhanced by human activity. Erosion also influences the precursors to soil. Soil forms from geologic material as well as biological material. Soil properties result from physical, chemical, and biological processes and are influenced by five soil forming factors. Concentrated accumulations of elements and minerals in and below soils that are economically valuable are called ores. When ores are extracted, a variety of consequences affect humans and the environment.

Module 25 AP® Review Questions

Question 1

1. Acid precipitation directly causes

  1. erosion.

  2. physical weathering.

  3. chemical weathering.

  1. I only

  2. I and II only

  3. I and III only

  4. III only

  5. I, II, and III

Question 2

2. What are the five primary soil formation factors?

  1. Altitude, climate, parent material, latitude, organisms

  2. Climate, parent material, pH, organisms, topography

  3. Parent material, topography, organisms, time, latitude

  4. Parent material, climate, pH, latitude, altitude

  5. Climate, parent material, topography, organisms, time

Question 3

3. Which is the correct order of soil horizons starting at the surface?

  1. A, B, C, E, O

  2. O, A, B, C, E

  3. O, E, A, B, C

  4. O, A, E, B, C

  5. E, A, B, O, C

Question 4

4. What type of soil would be best for a man-made pond, where the goal is to have as little leakage of water as possible?

  1. Mostly clay

  2. Mostly silt

  3. Mostly sand

  4. Equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay

  5. Equal amounts of silt and sand

Question 5

5. Which of the following, if added to soil, would lower the base saturation?

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Magnesium

  4. Calcium

  5. Aluminum

Question 6

6. Tailings are

  1. minerals found in metamorphic rock.

  2. magma ore resulting from seafloor spreading.

  3. the remaining supply of metals on Earth.

  4. the nutrients that leach downward in soil.

  5. the waste material from mining.