module28REVIEW

In this module, we learned that about 70 percent of water that is consumed goes to agriculture, 20 percent goes to industry, and 10 percent goes to households. Much of the agricultural use of water is for irrigation, which includes low-efficiency furrow and flood irrigation, moderate-efficiency spray irrigation, and high-efficiency drip irrigation. An alternative method of growing crops with highly efficient water use is hydroponic agriculture. Nearly half of the water used in industry is for generating electricity. Some of this water is returned to its source and some is released to the atmosphere as water vapor. Industries that manufacture paper and refine metals also use large amounts of water. Among households, those in developed countries often have more water-consuming appliances, swimming pools, and irrigated lawns, and therefore use more water per person than households in developing countries. The future availability of water depends on countries reaching agreements on water ownership and taking steps to reduce the amount of water used in agriculture, industry, and households.

Module 28 AP® Review Questions

Question 1

1. In the United States, most water is used for

  1. agriculture.

  2. households.

  3. industry.

  4. transportation.

  5. hydroelectric plants.

Question 2

2. Which irrigation method is the most efficient?

  1. Furrow irrigation

  2. Spray irrigation

  3. Flood irrigation

  4. Drip irrigation

  5. Condensate irrigation

Question 3

3. A water-efficient washer costs $400 more than a regular washer and saves 100 L of water for each load. If water costs $5 per 1,000 L and you wash 100 loads each year, how many years will it take you to recoup the extra cost of the machine?

  1. 10

  2. 5

  3. 4

  4. 8

  5. 1

Question 4

4. The primary use of industrial water in the United States is

  1. mining.

  2. paper products.

  3. electricity generation.

  4. construction.

  5. cooling and heating.

Question 5

5. The issue of water ownership is complicated by

  1. the irregularity of precipitation.

  2. the distance rivers can travel.

  3. increased demand for water.

  1. I and II

  2. I and III

  3. II and III

  4. III only

  5. I, II, and III