Life often presents opportunities to get involved with community, political, and social issues and to take particular positions. For instance, what should we do about the problem of childhood and adult obesity? Should we deal with this problem as a society, or is it a matter that should be left to individuals? What steps might a community take to address this public health crisis?
Let’s assume that you and some neighbors decide to petition the school board to place on its next agenda a decision to ban soft-drink vending machines in the public schools. In response to your request, you are granted permission to speak at the next school board meeting. Your team collaborates to identify the questions that you need to explore:
You collect data using resources at your nearest library, and in your search for evidence to support your position, you discover that, according to the local health department, obesity rates for adults and children in your community are above the national average and have gone up significantly in the past twenty years. Rates of diabetes among high school students are also increasing every year. You also learn that soft-drink machines first appeared in schools within your community fifteen years ago. Other than regular physical education classes, the schools don’t have programs in place to encourage weight loss. Schools receive money from the soft-drink companies, but you cannot get a clear answer about how much money they receive or how it is being used.
The data about the health of the community and its schoolchildren are powerful. You carefully cite all of your sources, and your team believes it is ready to make its case. You assume that the school board will make an immediate decision to remove soft drink vending machines from school grounds based on what you have discovered. You cannot imagine another side to this issue, and you wonder how anyone could possibly object to removing from schools something that, in your view, clearly harms children.
Little did you know that your position would meet firm opposition during the board meeting. You were shocked to hear arguments such as these: