1 P. Bizzell and B. Herzberg, The Rhetorical Tradition (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990), 429.

2 K. K. Campbell, The Rhetorical Act, 2nd ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1996), 264–65.

3 V. Havel, “Playwright-Dissident Vaclav Havel Assumes the Presidency of Czechoslovakia,” in Lend Me Your Ears: Great Speeches in History, ed. W. Safire (New York: Norton, 1992), 629–34.

4 W. Neuman, “Nutrition Plate Unveiled, Replacing Food Pyramid,” New York Times, June 3, 2011, B3.

5 C. Harada, “A Novel Idea for Cleaning Up Oil Spills,” July 2012, http://www.ted.com/talks/cesar_harada_a_novel_idea_for_cleaning_up_oil_spills.html.

6 C. D’Aniello, “The Wikipedia, Possibilities and Opportunities,” January 20, 2012, http://www.libweb.lib.buffalo.edu/blog/history-us/?p=1264.

7 L. M. Forquer et al., “Sleep Patterns of College Students at Public University,” Journal of American College Health 56 (March/April 2008): 563.

8 M. al-Sharif, “The Drive for Freedom,” Speech, Oslo Freedom Forum, May 8, 2012, http://www.oslofreedomforum.com/speakers/manal-al-sharif.html.

9 S. Ride, “Shoot for the Stars,” May 25, 2012, http://www.eloquentwoman.blogspot.com/2012/05/famous-speech-friday-sally-rides-shoot.html.

10 R. Clark, Einstein: The Life and Times (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1973), 26.