| Level I Preconventional Morality |
|---|
| Stage 1 | Punishment orientation | Compliance with rules to avoid punishment |
| Stage 2 | Reward orientation | Compliance with rules to obtain rewards and satisfy own needs |
| Level II Conventional Morality |
|---|
| Stage 3 | Good-girl/good-boy orientation | Engages in behavior to get approval of others |
| Stage 4 | Law and order orientation | Behavior is guided by duty to uphold laws and rules for their own sake |
| Level III Postconventional Morality |
|---|
| Stage 5 | Social contract orientation | Obeys rules because they are necessary for social order but understands rules are relative |
| Stage 6 | Universal ethical principles orientation | Concerned about self-condemnation for violating universal ethical principles based on human rights |