1.

A repetitive and rigid behavior that a person feels compelled to perform in order to reduce anxiety.

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compulsion

2.

An anxiety disorder indicated by a marked and persistent fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing.

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agoraphobia

3.

An explanation of schizophrenia that proposes that genetic, prenatal, and postnatal biological factors render a person vulnerable to schizophrenia, but environmental stress determines whether it develops or not.

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vulnerability–stress model

4.

A style of psychotherapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy to help the person to gain insight into his true self-concept.

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client-centered therapy

5.

A counterconditioning exposure therapy in which a fear response to an object or situation is replaced with a relaxation response in a series of progressively increasing fear-arousing steps.

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systematic desensitization

6.

Getting better with the passage of time without receiving any therapy.

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spontaneous remission

7.

A type of cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, in which the therapist directly confronts and challenges the person’s unrealistic thoughts and beliefs to show that they are irrational.

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rational-emotive therapy

8.

A disorder characterized by inflexible, long-standing personality traits that lead to behavior that impairs social functioning and deviates from cultural norms.

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personality disorder

9.

A false sensory perception.

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hallucination

10.

A disorder in which recurrent cycles of depressive and manic episodes occur.

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bipolar disorder

11.

The current version of the American Psychiatric Association’s diagnostic and classification guidelines for mental disorders.

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)

12.

Explaining abnormality as the result of the interaction among biological, psychological (behavioral and cognitive), and social or cultural factors.

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biopsychosocial approach

13.

An explanation of depression that proposes that the growth of new neurons in the hippocampus stops during depression, and when it resumes, the depression lifts.

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neurogenesis theory of depression

14.

A person undergoing therapy acts toward the therapist as he or she did or does toward important figures in his or her life, such as parents.

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transference

15.

A side effect of long-term use of traditional antipsychotic drugs causing the person to have uncontrollable facial tics, grimaces, and other involuntary movements of the lips, jaw, and tongue.

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tardive dyskinesia