Chapter 1 Practice Test Questions

Study Guide

The following are practice multiple-choice test questions on some of the chapter content. Click the Show Answer button below each question to see the answer. If you guessed on a question or incorrectly answered a question, restudy the relevant section of the chapter.

Question 1.26

1.

Which of the following major research perspectives focuses on conditioning by external environmental events as the major cause of our behavior?

  1. biological

  2. cognitive

  3. behavioral

  4. sociocultural

c; behavioral

Question 1.27

2.

Which of the following would be the best procedure for obtaining a representative sample of the students at your school?

  1. sampling randomly among students in the student union

  2. sampling randomly among students studying in the library

  3. sampling randomly among the students who belong to Greek organizations

  4. sampling randomly from a list of all the students enrolled at your school

d; sampling randomly from a list of all the students enrolled at your school

Question 1.28

3.

Which of the following research methods allow(s) the researcher to draw cause–effect conclusions?

  1. descriptive

  2. correlational

  3. experimental

  4. all of the above

c; experimental

Question 1.29

4.

Height and weight are ____ correlated; elevation and temperature are ____ correlated.

  1. positively; positively

  2. positively; negatively

  3. negatively; positively

  4. negatively; negatively

b; positively; negatively

Question 1.30

5.

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the STRONGEST relationship?

  1. +.75

  2. –.81

  3. +1.25

  4. 0.00

b; –.81

Question 1.31

6.

Manipulate is to measure as ____ is to ____ .

  1. positive correlation; negative correlation

  2. negative correlation; positive correlation

  3. independent variable; dependent variable

  4. dependent variable; independent variable

c; independent variable; dependent variable

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Question 1.32

7.

In an experiment, the ____ group participants receive an inactive treatment but are told that the treatment will help them.

  1. experimental

  2. control

  3. placebo

  4. third-variable

c; placebo

Question 1.33

8.

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution of scores is the ____, and the average score is the ____ .

  1. mode; mean

  2. mean; mode

  3. median; mean

  4. mean; median

a; mode; mean

Question 1.34

9.

About ____ % of the scores in a normal distribution are between –1 standard deviation and +1 standard deviation of the mean.

  1. 34

  2. 68

  3. 95

  4. 99

b; 68

Question 1.35

10.

In a left-skewed distribution, the mean is ____ than the median; in a right-skewed distribution, the mean is ____ than the median.

  1. greater; greater

  2. greater; less

  3. less; greater

  4. less; less

c; less; greater

Question 1.36

11.

Shere Hite’s failure to use ____ resulted in misleading findings for her women and love survey study.

  1. a placebo group

  2. a double-blind procedure

  3. random assignment

  4. random sampling

d; random sampling

Question 1.37

12.

Professor Jones noticed that the distribution of students’ scores on his last biology exam had an extremely small standard deviation. This indicates that:

  1. the exam was given to a very small class of students.

  2. the exam was a poor measure of the students’ knowledge.

  3. the students’ scores tended to be very similar to one another.

  4. the students’ mean exam score was less than the median exam score.

c; students’ scores tended to be very similar to one another

Question 1.38

13.

In a normal distribution, the percentile rank for a score that is 1 standard deviation below the mean is roughly ____ %.

  1. 16

  2. 34

  3. 68

  4. 84

a; 16

Question 1.39

14.

Dian Fossey’s study of gorillas is an example of ____ .

  1. naturalistic observation

  2. participant observation

  3. naturalistic observation that turned into participant observation

  4. a case study

c; naturalistic observation that turned into participant observation

Question 1.40

15.

Which of the following types of scatterplots depicts a weak, negative correlation?

  1. a lot of scatter with data points going from top left to bottom right

  2. very little scatter with data points going from top left to bottom right

  3. a lot of scatter with data points going from bottom left to top right

  4. very little scatter with data points going from bottom left to top right

a; a lot of scatter with data points going from top left to bottom right