You can use quantifiers such as enough, less, and some to suggest approximate amounts or nonspecific quantities of noncount nouns: a little salt, any homework, enough wood, less information, much pollution.
Use the
if the reader has enough information to identify the noun specifically | count: Please turn on the lights. We’re going to the zoo tomorrow. |
noncount: The food throughout Italy is excellent. |
Use a or an
if the noun refers to one item and if the item is singular but not specific | count: Bring a pencil to class. Charles wrote an essay about his first job. |
note: Do not use a or an with plural or noncount nouns.
Use a quantifier (enough, many, some, etc.)
if the noun represents an unspecified amount of something | count (plural): Amir showed us some photos of India. Many turtles return to the same nesting site each year. |
if the amount is more than one but not all items in a category | noncount: We didn’t get enough rain this summer. |
note: Sometimes no article conveys an unspecified amount: Amir showed us photos of India.
Use no article
if the noun represents all items in a category | count (plural): Students can attend the show for free. |
if the noun represents a category in general | noncount: Coal is a natural resource. |
note: The is occasionally used when a singular count noun refers to all items in a class or a specific category: The bald eagle is no longer endangered in the United States.
Food and drink
beef, bread, butter, candy, cereal, cheese, cream, meat, milk, pasta, rice, salt, sugar, water, wine
Nonfood substances
air, cement, coal, dirt, gasoline, gold, paper, petroleum, plastic, rain, silver, snow, soap, steel, wood, wool
Abstract nouns
advice, anger, beauty, confidence, courage, employment, fun, happiness, health, honesty, information, intelligence, knowledge, love, poverty, satisfaction, wealth
Other
biology (and other areas of study), clothing, equipment, furniture, homework, jewelry, luggage, machinery, mail, money, news, poetry, pollution, research, scenery, traffic, transportation, violence, weather, work
note: A few noncount nouns (such as love) can also be used as count nouns: He had two loves: music and archery.