Printed Page 78-66-64(cont.)

America’s History: Printed Page 78

America: A Concise History: Printed Page 66

America’s History: Value Edition: Printed Page 64

British North America and the Atlantic World

1660–1763

Question

Thematic Understanding This timeline organizes some of the important developments of this period into themes. How did the demographic changes outlined under the theme “Peopling” impact the developments that are listed under “Work, Exchange, and Technology”?
WORK, EXCHANGE, & TECHNOLOGY PEOPLING POLITICS & POWER IDEAS, BELIEFS, & CULTURE IDENTITY
1660

  • South Atlantic System links plantation and neo-European colonies

  • Mercantilist legislation in England: Navigation Acts (1651, 1660, 1663)

  • New York inherits Hudson River Valley manors from the Dutch; Carolina proprietors try but fail to institute a manorial system

  • Migrants to Pennsylvania seek freehold lands

  • Rapid expansion of African slave imports undergirds sugar, tobacco, and rice plantation systems

  • The Middle Passage shapes Africans’ experiences of arrival

  • Indian slave trade emerges in South Carolina

  • First Mennonites arrive in Pennsylvania (1683)

  • Dominion of New England (1686–1689)

  • Glorious Revolution (1688–1689)

  • War of the League of Augsburg (1689–1697)

  • Founding of the Restoration Colonies: the Carolinas (1663), New York (1664), Pennsylvania (1681)

  • Collapse of the Puritan Commonwealth leads to toleration in England

  • Isaac Newton publishes Principia Mathematica (1687)

  • Restoration makes England a monarchy again; royalist revival

  • The Glorious Revolution makes England a constitutional monarchy

  • Massachusetts loses its charter (1684) and gains a new one (1691)
1690

  • New England shipbuilding industry and merchant community come to dominate the coastal trade

  • Agricultural labor and artisanal skills in high demand in the Middle colonies

  • Quakers emigrate to Pennsylvania and New Jersey

  • Second wave of Germans arrives in Pennsylvania, Shenandoah Valley

  • Parliament creates Board of Trade (1696)

  • War of the Spanish Succession (1702–1713)

  • John Locke publishes Two Treatises on Government (1690)

  • Rise of toleration among colonial Protestants

  • Print revolution begins

  • Colonists gain autonomy in the post–Glorious Revolution era

  • Tribalization developing among Native American peoples
1720

  • The price of wheat rises (doubles in Philadelphia, 1720–1770)

  • British trade dominates the Atlantic

  • Opportunity and inequality in the Middle colonies

  • Ohio Company of Virginia receives 200,000 acres (1749)

  • Scots-Irish begin migrating to Pennsylvania (c. 1720)

  • Parliament charters Georgia (1732)

  • Penns make Walking Purchase from the Delawares (1737)

  • Robert Walpole is prime minister (1720–1742)

  • Stono Rebellion (1739)

  • War of Jenkins’s Ear (1739–1741)

  • War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748)

  • George Whitefield’s visit to America sparks the Great Awakening (1739)

  • Benjamin Franklin founds American Philosophical Society (1743)

  • New colleges, newspapers, magazines

  • African American community forms in the Chesapeake

  • Planter aristocracy emerges in the Chesapeake and South Carolina

  • Culture of gentility spreads among well-to-do
1750

  • Freehold society in crisis in New England

  • Half of Middle colonies’ white men landless

  • Conflicts over western lands and political power (1750–1775)

  • British industry being mechanized; colonial debt crisis

  • 40,000 Germans and Swiss emigrate to Pennsylvania (1749–1756)

  • Anglo-Americans pushing onto backcountry lands

  • French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War (1754–1763)

  • The Albany Congress (1754)

  • The Treaty of Paris (1763)

  • Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)

  • At least twelve religious denominations in Philadelphia

  • Neolin promotes nativist revival among Ohio Indians (1763)

  • Victory in the Great War for Empire sparks pro-British pride in the colonies

  • Desire for political autonomy and economic independence strong