henrettasources

Quiz for Sources for America’s History, Chapter 29

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Question

1. Motorists like the ones depicted in Document 29-1 who were forced to wait in long lines to fill their gasoline tanks during the energy crisis in 1973 were having an experience that contradicted which of the following attributes of post-World War II American society?

Abundance

Cold War liberalism

Containment

The nuclear family

Correct. The answer is a. The oil crisis caused rising prices and fuel shortages that required Americans to have to hunt for and wait to purchase gasoline. For the first time since the end of wartime rationing, Americans were unable to purchase a product they relied upon, contradicting their expectation that all consumer goods were abundant and easy to acquire.

Incorrect. The answer is a. The oil crisis caused rising prices and fuel shortages that required Americans to have to hunt for and wait to purchase gasoline. For the first time since the end of wartime rationing, Americans were unable to purchase a product they relied upon, contradicting their expectation that all consumer goods were abundant and easy to acquire.

Question

2. In his 1979 The New Republic article “Youngstown Fights Back” (Document 29-2), what does Robert Howard suggest about the importance of the Ecumenical Coalition’s role in the Youngstown workers’ efforts?

The Ecumenical Coalition hindered the cause by requiring the workers involved to convert to Christianity.

The Ecumenical Coalition presented an obstacle by framing the cause as a religious one.

The Ecumenical Coalition aided the workers’ effort by providing moral legitimacy and political networks.

The Ecumenical Coalition aided the workers’ cause by committing the churches’ money.

Correct. The answer is c. Robert Howard argued that the support of the Ecumenical Coalition was important because of its nationwide religious contacts, which provided an “effective national and local political network,” and its public relations campaign, which was “so effective that those opposed to the community ownership project have found it impossible to openly criticize the religious group’s work.”

Incorrect. The answer is c. Robert Howard argued that the support of the Ecumenical Coalition was important because of its nationwide religious contacts, which provided an “effective national and local political network,” and its public relations campaign, which was “so effective that those opposed to the community ownership project have found it impossible to openly criticize the religious group’s work.”

Question

3. The Roe v. Wade sources included in Document 29-3 provide evidence to support which of the following conclusions about the political culture of the early 1970s?

Women’s liberation activists received a great deal of publicity and attention but had little success at changing the political culture of the United States.

Although its goals had seemed very radical in the 1960s, by the early 1970s, the insights of the women’s movement had permeated many American institutions.

Despite its success in the area of women’s employment, the feminist movement was unable to shift Americans’ ideas about women’s reproductive roles.

The women’s liberation movement was so successful in the United States that, by the early 1970s, political disputes about women’s rights had disappeared.

Correct. The answer is b. These three sources demonstrated that, by the early 1970s, the insights of the women’s movement had permeated many American institutions. Harry Blackmun’s decision and the brief written by the National Abortion Action Coalition both accepted the idea that women should be able to control their bodies and their decisions about reproduction. Even the brief by the National Right to Life Committee, which rejected the idea that women should have the right to terminate a pregnancy, included a statement asserting that it “applaud[ed] the continuing process by which illegal discriminations against women have been removed.”

Incorrect. The answer is b. These three sources demonstrated that, by the early 1970s, the insights of the women’s movement had permeated many American institutions. Harry Blackmun’s decision and the brief written by the National Abortion Action Coalition both accepted the idea that women should be able to control their bodies and their decisions about reproduction. Even the brief by the National Right to Life Committee, which rejected the idea that women should have the right to terminate a pregnancy, included a statement asserting that it “applaud[ed] the continuing process by which illegal discriminations against women have been removed.”

Question

4. For which of the following reasons did Phyllis Schlafly state that she objected to the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment in her 1977 “Statement Opposing the ERA” (Document 29-4)?

Schlafly objected to the fact that the ERA would provide equality for women in employment.

Schlafly did not agree that women should have educational opportunities equal to those of men.

Schlafly opposed federal intervention in the areas of marriage, divorce, and child custody.

Schlafly believed that the ERA would prohibit women from being stay-at-home mothers.

Correct. The answer is c. Phyllis Schlafly did not argue against the idea that women should have equal opportunities to men in the workplace or in schools. One of her chief objections to the law was that she did not want to see the expansion of federal authority into “the last remaining aspects of our life that the feds haven’t yet got their meddling fingers into, including marriage, divorce, child custody, prison regulations, protective labor legislation, and insurance rates.”

Incorrect. The answer is c. Phyllis Schlafly did not argue against the idea that women should have equal opportunities to men in the workplace or in schools. One of her chief objections to the law was that she did not want to see the expansion of federal authority into “the last remaining aspects of our life that the feds haven’t yet got their meddling fingers into, including marriage, divorce, child custody, prison regulations, protective labor legislation, and insurance rates.”

Question

5. In his 1979 speech “The Crisis of Confidence” (Document 29-5), what did Jimmy Carter suggest about the nature of the crisis and the way to resolve it?

According to Carter, the United States faced an economic crisis caused by deindustrialization, and the solution was high levels of consumption.

Carter believed that the disorder of the 1960s caused a social and political crisis and that the solution lay in the creation of close-knit communities.

Carter believed that the loss of the Vietnam War had caused an American identity crisis that could be resolved through increasing intervention in the Middle East.

Carter argued that Americans suffered from a loss of faith in the future that could be remedied by national mobilization against the energy crisis.

Correct. The answer is d. In his speech, Jimmy Carter detailed numerous reasons for an American “crisis in confidence” in the future of the United States. The solution, he suggested, lay in a comprehensive program of conservation and the development of new energy sources that would eliminate Americans’ dependence on foreign oil.

Incorrect. The answer is d. In his speech, Jimmy Carter detailed numerous reasons for an American “crisis in confidence” in the future of the United States. The solution, he suggested, lay in a comprehensive program of conservation and the development of new energy sources that would eliminate Americans’ dependence on foreign oil.

Question

6. According to Mary Murphy in “Next Billy Graham” (Document 29-6), the success of Jerry Falwell’s ministry in the 1970s and 1980s depended on many Americans’ sense that which of the following traditional institutions was under attack?

Christianity

American capitalism

The nuclear family

White supremacy

Correct. The answer is c. Jerry Falwell’s ministry took advantage of Americans’ sense that the changes wrought by the movements of the 1960s had threatened the sanctity of the American nuclear family. Although he made clear his objections to communism, Falwell’s rhetoric put greater emphasis on the issues of abortion, homosexuality, the Equal Rights Amendment, and pornography because these, he believed, posed the greatest danger to “normal” family life.

Incorrect. The answer is c. Jerry Falwell’s ministry took advantage of Americans’ sense that the changes wrought by the movements of the 1960s had threatened the sanctity of the American nuclear family. Although he made clear his objections to communism, Falwell’s rhetoric put greater emphasis on the issues of abortion, homosexuality, the Equal Rights Amendment, and pornography because these, he believed, posed the greatest danger to “normal” family life.