TIMELINE OF EVENTS
| 1865–1895 | U.S. manufacturing jobs jump from 5.3 million to 15.1 million |
| 1867 | Patrons of Husbandry (Grange) founded |
| 1869 | Noble Order of the Knights of Labor founded |
| 1870–1900 | Number of female wageworkers increases by 66 percent |
| 1877 | Great Railroad Strike |
| 1879 | Terence Powderly becomes leader of Knights of Labor |
| 1880s | Northwestern, Southern, and Colored Farmers’ Alliances formed |
| 1886 | Haymarket Square violence |
| American Federation of Labor founded | |
| 1887 | Interstate Commerce Act passed |
| 1889 | Northwestern and Southern Farmers’ Alliances merge |
| 1890 | Sherman Silver Purchase Act passed |
| 1890s | Southern states strip blacks of the right to vote |
| 1892 | Homestead steelworkers’ strike |
| Populist Party established | |
| 1893 | Depression triggered by stock market collapse |
| 1894 | Pullman strike |
| Coxey’s army marches to Washington | |
| Sherman Silver Purchase Act repealed | |
| 1896 | Populists back William Jennings Bryan for president |
| 1897 | Depression ends |
| Populist Party declines | |
| 1901 | Eugene Debs establishes Socialist Party of America |